We performed a cost-effectiveness analysis to evaluate whether patients with artificial joints should take penicillin, erythromycin, or no antibiotics before dental procedures. We modeled the risk of anaphylaxis from penicillin, the risks and consequences of an artificial joint infection, and the actual variable costs of hospitalization and antibiotics. Penicillin prophylaxis is slightly less e...

Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans is a gram-negative coccobacillus which is a very rare cause of bacterial endocarditis. Preexisting cardiac lesions are a main contributing factor, and antibiotic prophylaxis has long been felt necessary before dental or other manipulation to prevent endocarditis. Penicillin in combination with an aminoglycoside has been the most often used treatment regimen....

Smoking is a major, preventable risk factor for periodontitis. This pilot study in Nigeria evaluated the effect of dental oral prophylaxis on oral hygiene and periodontal indices among 13 systemically healthy smokers and 8 non-smokers. All participants received full-mouth scaling and root planing, tooth polishing, demonstration of correct brushing technique and a new toothbrush and toothpaste. ...

Reported is a case of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans endocarditis which developed after dental prophylaxis with vancomycin and erythromycin. In vitro results indicated that this isolate and 20 additional isolates were resistant to vancomycin and that potentially useful bactericidal antibiotics for the prophylaxis and treatment of A. actinomycetemcomitans infections included gentamicin, su...

OBJECTIVE This study aimed at assessing, in vivo, whether the prior use of 0.12% chlorhexidine as mouthwash would decrease air contamination caused by aerosolized sodium bicarbonate during dental prophylaxis. The study was conducted with 23 patients aged between 10 and 40 years old who were randomly selected and undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment. METHODS The study was divided into two ph...

INTRODUCTION People with various medical conditions and devices are suggested candidates for receiving antibiotic prophylaxis before undergoing dental procedures. This practice is controversial, however, owing to the lack of proof of efficacy. The authors conducted a qualitative, systematic review to determine the level of evidence for this practice and whether antibiotic prophylaxis prevents d...

AIM To assess extrinsic stain removal efficacy of a power toothbrush and a dental prophylaxis followed by the use of a standardized American Dental Association (ADA) reference manual toothbrush. METHODS AND MATERIALS This was a randomized, positive-controlled, examiner-blind, parallel group, two-week study. A Lobene stain examination was performed at baseline. Subjects were randomized to one ...

Periodontal disease is considered the most common disease of dogs and cats. The clinical sign most frequently reported by clients is oral malodor. Clindamycin hydrochloride has been used for several years for the treatment of periodontal disease in both cats and dogs. This study was designed to assess the effect of clindamycin HCl when used in two different post-prophylaxis treatment regimens o...

Untreated dental disease represents a potential risk for infection in transplant patients, but the vast transplantation literature has few references to this complication. There is also little information with regard to dental care protocols for patients before and after organ transplantation. To obtain more definitive documentation about the policies that deal with dental care and experience w...