Conservative-tracer data are used for the parameterization of mixing-controlled reactive transport. Temporal moments of the tracer breakthrough curve integrated over the outflow boundary of the domain yield the average velocity and the path-averaged macrodispersion coefficient. On the basis of this information alone, no distinction is possible between spreading and mixing of the tracer. Analyzi...

This paper provides a rigorous, self contained analysis of the intermittent behavior of turbulent diffusion models with a mean gradient. The intermittency can be described as large spikes randomly occurring in the time sequence of a passive tracer or exponential like fat tails in the probability density function. This type of passive tracer intermittency is subtle and occurs without any positiv...

Methotrexate is a cytostatic drug applied in adjuvant chemotherapy and associated with cognitive impairment in part of the cancer patients. In this paper we studied in rats whether a reduction in blood supply to the brain or neuroinflammation are possible mediators of this cognitive dysfunctionality. Methotrexate reduced hippocampal blood vessel density 1 week and 3 weeks after treatment as mea...

The use of amino acids labeled with stable isotopes represents a relatively new approach for determining kinetic parameters of apolipoprotein metabolism; thus, several aspects of experimental protocols need to be defined. The aims of the present study were to determine whether a) different amino acid tracers or b) different methods of tracer administration affected apolipoprotein (apo) B kineti...

Hipparcos data provide the first, volume limited and absolute magnitude limited homogeneous tracer of stellar density and velocity distributions in the solar neighbourhood. The density of A-type stars more luminous than M v = 2.5 can be accurately mapped within a sphere of 125 pc radius, while proper motions in galactic latitude provide the vertical velocity distribution near the galactic plane...

Hipparcos data provide the rst, volume limited and absolute magnitude limited homogeneous tracer of stellar density and velocity distributions in the solar neighbourhood. The density of A-type stars more luminous than M v = 2:5 can be accurately mapped within a sphere of 125 pc radius, while proper motions in galactic latitude provide the vertical velocity distribution near the galactic plane. ...

Skeletal involvement is the second most common site of metastases after lymph nodal metastases in patients with prostate cancer. The skeletal metastases from prostate cancer are osteoblastic in nature and show increased tracer avidity on the bone scan. Focal tracer avid lesion in skeleton especially in skull requires the careful examination by further investigation. The patients with skull meta...

We examine the relative fractions of passive (Type 1), quiet-SF (Type 2) and active-SF (Type 3+4) galaxies as a function of luminosity and number of neighbours in several volume limited samples selected from the 2dFGRS. Neighbours are counted within 1 h−1 75 Mpc projected distance, and ± 1000 km s −1 depth. We apply a maximum magnitude difference criterion and require neighbours to be fainter t...

In a distribution ray tracer, the crucial part of the direct lighting calculation is the sampling strategy for shadow ray testing. Monte Carlo integration with importance sampling is used to carry out this calculation. Importance sampling involves the design of integrand-speci c probability density functions which are used to generate sample points for the numerical quadrature. Probability dens...