Data transmission in optical systems and increased transmission distance capacity benefit by using optical amplification wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) technology. The combination of four waves (FWM) is a non-linear effect in the wavelength division multiplex (WDM), when more than two wavelengths of light in a fiber launch will occur. FWM amount depends on the channel, the channel spaci...

We reviewed the biological elements supporting the usefulness of a specifically designed particulate form of demineralized bone matrix (DBM) with spinal fusion, and report some limitations of its use described in the medical literature and in the interbody space using a cadaveric biomechanical model. A literature review and description of the techniques used to augment spinal fusion are present...

There is a scarcity of laboratory and field-based results showing the movement of the diamondback moth (DBM) Plutella xylostella (L.) across a spatial scale. We studied the population growth of the diamondback moth (DBM) Plutella xylostella (L.) under six constant temperatures, to understand and predict population changes along altitudinal gradients and under climate change scenarios. Non-linea...

Dibromomannitol (DBM) is a new agent for the treatment of chronic granulocytic leukemia. A propsective evaluation of the drug was undertaken in a randomized comparison with busulfan. Forty previously untreated, Philadelphia chromosome-positive cases were treated, with 20 patients in each treatment group. The protocol provided for continuous maintenance therapy after remission induction, with a ...

This paper presents a data-based mechanistic modelling (DBM) approach to rainfallrunoff modelling based on the direct identification and estimation of continuous-time models from discrete-time series. It is argued that many mechanistic model parameters are more naturally defined in the context of continuous-time, differential equation models. As a results, there are advantages if such models ar...

The pest status of diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae), in South Africa is lower than in other countries with similar climates. A project was initiated to investigate possible reasons for this. Larval and pupal populations of DBM were monitored weekly for two years on unsprayed cabbage plots. Adult populations were also monitored continuously for two ye...

In [Vieira et al. 2004] we presented a new dynamic Metric Access Method (MAM) called DBM-tree. This structure, unlike any other MAM, explores the varying density of elements in the dataset that allows creating, in a controlled way, unbalanced trees. Every dynamic MAM that works with persistent data proposed so far uses the same principle employed in conventional trees, like the B-tree [Comer 19...

Field and laboratory studies on Nosema bombycis infecting diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella (L.), were conducted. Percent N. bombycis infection and mean infection intensity were significantly different (P<0.05) among DBM larvae or pupae collected from either highland (CH) or lowland (SG) areas. Percent infection was significantly higher (P<0.05) for both larvae and pupae (71.3 and 66....