An autonomous instrument based on off-axis integrated cavity output spectroscopy has been developed and successfully deployed for measurements of carbon monoxide in the troposphere and tropopause onboard a NASA DC-8 aircraft. The instrument (Carbon Monoxide Gas Analyzer) consists of a measurement cell comprised of two high-reflectivity mirrors, a continuous-wave quantum-cascade laser, gas sampl...

A variety of objects modelled in computer graphics can be e ciently approximated with generalized cylinders, particularly when they are viewed at a relatively small scale. In this thesis we present a unique way of rendering generalized cylinders using polygonbased projective rendering: a rendering meta-primitive called the paintstroke. Paintstrokes allow for the concise modelling and e cient dy...

Axial flows over cylinders are frequently encountered in practice, e.g. in tubular heat exchangers and reactors. Using the Integral method, closed-form relationships are developed for heat transfer coefficients or Nusselt number inside a fluid flowing axially between a rectangular/square array of parallel cylinders with unequal temperatures. The model considers the temperature variations of cyl...

Based on the principle of the equivolumetric model, the multiple scattering from two-dimensional composite gyrotropic bianisotropic cylinders (GBC's) possessing a certain magnetic group of symmetry is studied by using the indirect modeling technique. At first, a mathematical formulation for the problem is carried out and its solution expressed in terms of a system of simultaneous linear equatio...

The focus of this paper is the analysis of circular cylinders through sets of points in three dimensions. This investigation has a number of motivations. Clearly, if a cylinder of radius R and direction t passes through a set of points P , it means also that there is a line of direction t tangent to the sphere of radius R and centered at the points of P . Another interpretation is that an obser...

Nowadays, functionally graded materials (FGM) are widely used in many industrial, aerospace and military fields. On the other hand, the interest in the use of shrink-fitted assemblies is increasing for designing composite tubes, high-pressure vessels, rectors and tanks. Although extensive researches exist on thick-walled cylindrical shells, not many researches have been done on shrink-fitted th...

In this paper, the effects of carbon nanotube (CNT) orientation and aggregation on the static behavior of functionally graded nanocomposite cylinders reinforced by CNTs are investigated based on a mesh-free method. The used nanocomposites are made of the straight CNTs that are embedded in an isotropic polymer as matrix. The straight CNTs are oriented, randomly or aligned or local aggregated int...

The drag and lift force of a twin-cylinder structure are often greater than those single cylinder, causing serious structural safety problems. However, there few studies on the passive control twin cylinders. study aimed to investigate performance reduction measures using small cylinders at Reynolds number 100. effects cylinder height (HD/D = 0~1.0, D is side length cylinder) cross-sectional sh...

We analyze the global transport properties of turbulent Taylor-Couette flow in the strongly turbulent regime for independently rotating outer and inner cylinders, reaching Reynolds numbers of the inner and outer cylinders of Re(i) = 2×10(6) and Re(o) = ±1.4×10(6), respectively. For all Re(i), Re(o), the dimensionless torque G scales as a function of the Taylor number Ta (which is proportional t...

The harmonic response and modal shapes of axially-symmetrical piezoceramic cylinders (tubes) polarised through the wall thickness have been predicted by finite element methods and determined experimentally. Analysis of ceramic cylinders has concentrated on the effects of the variation of diameter to thickness (d/t) ratios, and change in cylinder length (l). Investigation has taken into account ...