Cyclophilins are peptidyl prolyl cis-trans isomerases that are highly conserved throughout eukaryotes and that are best known for being the cellular target of the immunosuppressive drug cyclosporin A (CsA). The activity of CsA is caused by the drug forming a complex with cyclophilin A and inhibiting the calmodulin-dependent phosphoprotein phosphatase calcineurin. We have investigated the role o...

Mammalian mitochondria contain an inner membrane pore which opens following an increase in matrix calcium. Pore opening has been implicated in tissue damage following ischaemic injury. The pore is reversibly blocked by cyclosporin A [l] suggesting a role for cyclophilin in pore control. A mitochondria1 isoform of cyclophilin (CyP-D) [2,3,4,5] has now been identified. Analysis of the N-terminus ...

We report the cloning and characterization of a cDNA encoding a second human cyclosporin A-binding protein (hCyPB). Homology analyses reveal that hCyPB is a member of the cyclophilin B (CyPB) family, which includes yeast CyPB, Drosophila nina A, and rat cyclophilin-like protein. This family is distinguished from the cyclophilin A (CyPA) family by the presence of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-direc...

Cyclophilin A (CypA) is a ubiquitously distributed intracellular protein belonging to the immunophilin family, which is recognized as the cell receptor for the potent immunosuppressive drug cyclosporine A. In the present study, two isoforms of cyclophilin A gene (named as VpCypA1 and VpCypA2) were isolated and characterized from Venerupis philippinarum by RACE approaches. Both VpCypA1 and VpCyp...

Cyclophilins, which bind to immunosuppressant cyclosporin A (CsA), are ubiquitous proteins and constitute a multigene family in higher organisms. Several members of this family are reported to catalyze cis-trans isomerisation of the peptidyl-prolyl bond, which is a rate limiting step in protein folding. The physiological role of these proteins in plants, with few exceptions, is still a matter o...

CD147 is a widely expressed plasma membrane protein that has been implicated in a variety of physiological and pathological activities. It is best known for its ability to function as extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (hence the other name for this protein, EMMPRIN), but has also been shown to regulate lymphocyte responsiveness, monocarboxylate transporter expression and spermatoge...

Database searching has allowed the identification of a number of previously unreported single and multidomain isoform members of the Arabidopsis cyclophilin gene family. In addition to the cyclophilin-like peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase domain, the latter contain a variety of other domains with characterized functions. Transcriptional analysis showed they are expressed throughout the plant...

Little is known about how chaperones in the endoplasmic reticulum are organized into complexes to assist in the proper folding of secreted proteins. One notable exception is the complex of ERp57 and calnexin that functions as part the calnexin cycle to direct disulfide bond formation in N-glycoproteins. Here, we report three new complexes composed of the peptidyl prolyl cis-trans-isomerase cycl...

The helminth Schistosoma mansoni modulates the infected host's immune system to facilitate its own survival, by producing excretory/secretory molecules that interact with a variety of the host's cell types including those of the immune system. Herein, we characterise the S. mansoni adult male worm secretome and identify 111 proteins, including 7 vaccine candidates and several molecules with pot...

Mitochondrial dysfunction occurs early in the progression of Alzheimer's disease. Amyloid-β peptide has deleterious effects on mitochondrial function and contributes to energy failure, respiratory chain impairment, neuronal apoptosis, and generation of reactive oxygen species in Alzheimer's disease. The mechanisms underlying amyloid-β induced mitochondrial stress remain unclear. Emerging eviden...