Lanthipeptides are ribosomally synthesized and posttranslationally modified peptides. Their precursor peptide comprises of an N‐terminal leader a C‐terminal core peptide. Here, the is crucial for enzyme recognition especially modification enzymes acts furthermore as secretion signal lanthipeptide exporter. The target site posttranslational modifications contains dehydrated amino acids lanthioni...

an r-module m is called epi-retractable if every submodule of mr is a homomorphic image of m. it is shown that if r is a right perfect ring, then every projective slightly compressible module mr is epi-retractable. if r is a noetherian ring, then every epi-retractable right r-module has direct sum of uniform submodules. if endomorphism ring of a module mr is von-neumann regular, then m is semi-...

This paper distinguishes between two different scales of medium range order, MRO, in non-crystalline SiO(2): (1) the first is ~0.4 to 0.5 nm and is obtained from the position of the first sharp diffraction peak, FSDP, in the X-ray diffraction structure factor, S(Q), and (2) the second is ~1 nm and is calculated from the FSDP full-width-at-half-maximum FWHM. Many-electron calculations yield Si-O...

Lycoposerramine A (1) is a pentacyclic alkaloid isolated in 2001 by Takayama and co-workers. A concise synthesis of a model compound 8 for the tetracyclic core of this natural product is described. Key steps include the desymmetrising free-radical cyclisation of compound 7 to give compound 18 and spirocyclisation of compound 26 to give compound 8. Earlier approaches using a novel high-yielding ...

We have utilized plant-based transient expression to produce tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)-based nano-rods of predetermined lengths. This is achieved by expressing RNAs containing the TMV origin of assembly sequence (OAS) and the sequence of the TMV coat protein either on the same RNA molecule or on two separate constructs. We show that the length of the resulting nano-rods is dependent upon the l...

The recent ability to manipulate and visualize single atoms at atomic level has given rise to modern bottom-up nanotechnology. Similar exquisite degree of control at the individual polymeric chain level for producing functional soft nanoentities is expected to become a reality in the next few years through the full development of so-called "single chain technology". Ultra-small unimolecular sof...

Treatment of 2-methylphenols with chloro(diphenyl)-λ-iodane led to their regioselective dearomatizing 2-phenylation into cyclohexa-2,4-dienone derivatives via a proposed ligand coupling reaction. In the same vein of investigation, treatment of 2-methylanilines with the λ-iodane 2-iodoxybenzoic acid IBX reagent led to their regioselective dearomatization into previously undescribed ortho-quinol ...