Bamboo culm is a renewable and lightweight material with high strength, particularly tensile strength. It well accepted that bamboo culms have played significant role in architecture because of their sustainable contribution. The characteristics properties three-year-old from five species (Dendrocalamus asper, Dendrocalamus sericeus, membranaceus, Thyrsostachys oliveri, Phyllostachys makinoi) w...

The transport of sediment in regions with vegetation plays an important role aquatic ecosystems and landform evolution river deltas. In this study, flow parameters suspended concentration (SSC) within emergent canopy real plant morphology (Typha latifolia) were measured a laboratory channel. T. latifolia is common marsh species multiple thin leaves emerging from tight bundle (culm) at the bed. ...

In this study the peculiar Andean grass genus Aphanelytrum, with two species, is reduced to Poa subsect. Aphanelytrum comb. & stat. nov. A third species, Festuca reclinata, is assigned to the subsection, which shows states transitional between a more typical Poa and Aphanelytrum. Poa subgen. Poa supersect. Homalopoa sect. Dioicopoa subsect. Aphanelytrum comb. & stat. nov. is characterized in ha...

Red light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are a potential light source for growing plants in spaceflight systems because of their safety, small mass and volume, wavelength specificity, and longevity. Despite these attractive features, red LEDs must satisfy requirements for plant photosynthesis and photomorphogenesis for successful growth and seed yield. To determine the influence of gallium aluminium ar...

A core collection of Japanese wheat varieties (JWC) consisting of 96 accessions was established based on their passport data and breeding pedigrees. To clarify the molecular basis of the JWC collection, genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping was performed using the genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) approach. Phylogenetic tree and population structure analyses using these SNP d...

Gregarious flowering of bamboo species impacts ecosystem properties and conservation, but documentation of these periodic events is difficult. Here, we compare the characteristics of flowering sites and un-flowered patches of an arrow bamboo (Fargesia qinlingensis) in the Qinling Mountains, China, over a 5-year period (2003-2007) after a mast flowering event (2003). We examined flowering culm a...

rounded leaf tip. The leaf collar marks the junction of the leaf blade and sheath and appears when the leaf is fully developed. Each leaf sheath originates at its own node on the plant stalk. The sheath surrounds and strengthens the stalk (culm). The flag leaf is the last to emerge on the plant and is considerably smaller than the other leaves. The panicle (head) emerges from the flag leaf shea...

Abstract A program for calculating the gasification process based on a mathematical model of direct-flow coal with liquid ash removal, in which mixture oxygen and water vapor is used as blast, considered. Calculations were carried out anthracite culm from Eastern Donbass basin raw material.