Manufactured single crystal components using Ni-base super alloys are routinely used in the hot sections of aero engines and industrial gas turbines due to their outstanding high temperature strength, toughness and resistance to degradation in corrosive and oxidative environments. To control the quality of the single crystal turbine blades, particular attention has been paid to grain selection,...

As we have discussed in the chapter 5 and 6, many methods are available to grow single crystals. Compared to other crystal growth techniques, the slow evaporation technique has been widely used to grow several types of crystals at ambient temperature. Orientation control during bulk crystal growth is one of the important development targets for crystal growers. Effective control of growth direc...

An expression for anisotropic interfacial energy of hexagonal close-packed metals has been formulated which is able to reproduce published data obtained using the modified embedded atom method, covering the variation in interface energy as a function of orientation for a number of metals. It turns out that the coefficients associated with the expression can be determined fully by measured or ca...

The possibility to convert the photon beam linear polarization into circular one at photon energies of hundreds GeV with the use of crystals is considered. The energy and orientation dependencies of refractive indexes are investigated in case of diamond, silicon and germanium crystal targets. To maximize the values for figure of merit, the corresponding crystal optimal orientation angles and th...

A technique is described to determine the orientation of a crystal from a single oscillation photograph. This procedure is particularly useful for crystals that are so radiation sensitive that stills can be taken neither before nor after the single oscillation data exposure. It also ensures optimal use of synchrotron radiation, as all available time is then used to collect data photographs, whi...

The ability to prepare single-crystal faces has become central to developing and testing models for chemistry at interfaces, spectacularly demonstrated by heterogeneous catalysis and nanoscience. This ability has been hampered for hexagonal ice, Ih--a fundamental hydrogen-bonded surface--due to two characteristics of ice: ice does not readily cleave along a crystal lattice plane and properties ...