Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common form of childhood cancer leading to cancer-related death in children. Most infants with ALL harbor recurring structural chromosomal rearrangements that are important initiating events in leukemogenesis but are insufficient to explain the biology and heterogeneity of the disease. Mixed-lineage leukemia-rearrangement (MLL-rearrange...

background: approximately 205 million pregnancies occur each year in the worldwide. on the other hand, spontaneous abortion has been reported in 15-20% of all diagnosed pregnancies. the most common cause of spontaneous abortion is chromosomal abnormalities of the embryo. robertsonian translocation carriers specially 21-14 are the most common balanced rearrangement among the carrier couples with...

Dear Editor The mixed lineage leukemia gene (MLL) on chromosome 11q23 is a frequent target of chromosomal translocations and rearrangements in childhood leukemia and adult therapy-related leukemia [1]. By using a commercially available dual-color FISH break-apart probe, almost all MLL rearrangements can be detected, including variant and cryptic forms [2-4]. We report a unique case of cryptic M...

The fourth exon of the mouse polymeric immuno-globulin receptor (pIgR) is 654 nt long and, despite being surrounded by large introns, is constitutively spliced into the mRNA. Deletion of an 84 nt sequence from this exon strongly activated both cryptic 5' and 3' splice sites surrounding a 78 nt cryptic intron. The 84 nt deletion is just upstream of the cryptic 3' splice site; the cryptic 3' spli...

Aneura pinguis is a thalloid liverwort species with broad geographical distribution. It is composed of cryptic species, however, the number of cryptic species within A. pinguis is not known. Five cpDNA regions (matK, rbcL, rpoC1, trnH-psbA and trnL-trnF) and the entire nuclear ITS region were studied in 130 samples of A. pinguis from different geographical regions. The relationships between the...

Previous studies in Saccharomyces cerevisiae have demonstrated that cryptic promoters within coding regions activate transcription in particular mutants. We have performed a comprehensive analysis of cryptic transcription in order to identify factors that normally repress cryptic promoters, to determine the amount of cryptic transcription genome-wide, and to study the potential for expression o...

a theoretical study of the kinetic and mechanism of 3-aug-cope rearrangement in gas phase was performed usingdet methods at b3lyp levels of theory with 6-3114ig(d,p) bass set at 298.i5k. equilibrium moleculargeometries and harmonic vibrational frequencies of the reactant, transition state did product were calculated. then,rate constant and activation thermodynamics parameters were calculated an...

microstructural investigation of low molecular weight 1,4-polybutadiene (1,4-pbd) was studied by 1h and 13c nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (nmr). the isomer contents of 1,4-cis, 1,4-trans and 1,2- vinyl in polybutadiene microstructure were determined. the number average molecular weight for low molecular weight polybutadiene was measured by nmr techniques and comparison was made with g...