We developed a novel optical defocusing method for studying spatial coherence of photoexcited electrons and holes near edges of graphene. Our method is applied to measure the localization l(D) of the disorder-induced Raman D band (∼1350 cm(-1)) with a resolution of a few nanometers. Raman scattering experiments performed in a helium bath cryostat reveal that as temperature is decreased from 300...

I. How Tuner Works The B-cell superconducting cavity is tuned by mechanically stretching the cavity along the beam line relative to the cryostat. The drive train consists of a stepping motor followed by a 4.38:1 dual leverage mechanism terminating in a dual parallel flex hinge arrangement (tuner flexure) with mechanical advantage of 3.9:1. The flexure is patterned after the proposed LANL PILAC ...

In Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microspectrocopy, the tissue preparation method is crucial, especially how the tissue is cryo-sectioned prior to the imaging requires special consideration. Having a temperature difference between the cutting blade and the specimen holder of the cryostat greatly affects the quality of the sections. Therefore, we have developed an optimal protocol for cryo-se...

A linear motion device was designed and built to move small sample cells within the confined space of a liquid nitrogen Dewar cryostat. Instead of the often-used methods of flowing or rotating samples to generate motion, this cryostat insert simply translates the sample cell while maintaining atmospheric isolation. Accurate, repeatable and rapid translation over a 5 cm range with peak linear ve...

The Eleven antenna has constant beam width, constant phase center location, and low spillover over a decade bandwidth. Therefore, it can feed a reflector for high aperture efficiency (also called feed efficiency). It is equally important that the feed efficiency and its subefficiencies not be degraded significantly by installing the feed in a cryostat. The MIT Haystack Observatory, with guidanc...

The development of the techniques for cutting frozen sections, in particular the use of cryostat microtomes (Pearse, 1960; Cunningham, Bitensky, Chayen, and Silcox, 1960 and 1962; Goodbody, 1963 a and b; Cunningham, 1963), has resulted in sections which not only are produced routinely very rapidly but which are completely acceptable histologically. Such sections would be ideal, especially where...