In contrast to common assumptions, jihadist movements’ view of Christian minorities in the Middle East has been neither unambiguous nor static. It changes according overall political conflict region and is characterized by specific, unpredictable struggles that arise locally. By studying official statements al-Qaeda ISIS, their ideological strategic writings conduct vis-à-vis indigenous Christi...

The activities of the anti-vaccine crusaders and conspiracy theorists on social media platforms have influenced billions people across globe safety COVID-19 vaccines currently been used for immunizations. increased mis/disinformation efficacies these developed raised a global concern among all stakeholders. This study adopted convenience sampling through an online survey to collect data from N=...

Abstract This paper applies the concept of ‘kinetic empire’ to eastern Mediterranean world in tenth and eleventh centuries. The term is borrowed from Hämäläinen's analysis eighteenth- nineteenth-century north American Comanche Empire. It refers way which trans- supra-regional power could be created, expressed enforced through mobile means. article focuses primarily on role mobility expansion By...