parliament established jurisprudence of the islamic republic with due regard to the fundamental difference with conventional systems, is important. in conventional systems, the relationship between parliament and the people, legally determines representative role, responsibilities and his duties. but in the islamic republic of iran to the foundation fqhyash to find out the legal status and lega...

We present a database of parliamentary debates that contains the complete record of parliamentary speeches from Dáil Éireann, the lower house and principal chamber of the Irish parliament, from 1919 to 2013. In addition, the database contains background information on all TDs (Teachta Dála, members of parliament), such as their party affiliations, constituencies and office positions. The curren...

Statistical analysis of parliamentary roll call votes is an important topic in political science as it reveals ideological positions of members of parliament and factions. However, these positions depend on the issues debated and voted upon as well as on attitude towards the governing coalition. Therefore, analysis of carefully selected sets of roll call votes provides deeper knowledge about me...

In 1863, the Metropolitan Railway of what came to be known as the London Underground successfully opened as the world’s first subway. Its high ridership spawned interest in additional links. Entrepreneurs secured funding and then proposed new lines to Parliament for approval, though only a portion were actually approved. While putative rail barons may have conducted some economic analysis, the ...