OBJECTIVE To generate estimates of the burden of UK-acquired foodborne disease accounting for uncertainty. DESIGN A modelling study combining data from national public health surveillance systems for laboratory-confirmed infectious intestinal disease (IID) and outbreaks of foodborne disease and 2 prospective, population-based studies of IID in the community. The underlying data sets covered t...

Cellulose hydrogel was produced from pretreated oil palm empty fruit bunch fiber (EFB) that went through acid hydrolysis and thermal hydrolysis. The pretreated EFB was dissolved in LiOH/urea aqueous solution using the rapid dissolution method and was subjected to a crosslinking process with the aid of epichlorohydrin to form hydrogel. The effects of both hydrolyses’ time on average molecular we...

Familial occurrence of chromosomal anomalies may be caused by: (1) numerical chromosomal abnormalities present in all or some of the cells of one of the parents (secondary non-disjunction), or (2) by a genetically determined tendency to meiotic or mitotic non-disjunction. Structural chromosomal abnormalities such as translocations have also been described as frequent causes of familial chromoso...

Delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) to p-azobenzenearsonate (ABA) can be induced in A/J mice with intravenous injection of minute amounts of anti-cross-reactive idiotypic (CRI) antibodies, providing that the animals have been pretreated 2 d earlier with low doses of cyclophosphamide (50 mg/kg). However intravenous injection of the F(ab')2 fragments of the anti-CRI antibodies or subcutaneous adm...

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of lidocaine (LIDO) and dexmedetomidine (DEX) or their combination (LIDO-DEX), administered by constant-rate infusion (CRI), on the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of sevoflurane in dogs. Seven healthy mongrel dogs were used with a 2-week washout interval between treatments in this study. Anesthesia was induced with propofol and maintained...

Alpha-blockers and antibiotics are most commonly used to treat chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) in clinical practice. Currently, increasing evidence also suggests acupuncture as an effective strategy. This network meta-analysis intended to assess the comparative efficacy and safety of acupuncture, alpha-blockers and antibiotics for CP/CPPS. Twelve trials involving 1203...

OBJECTIVES To provide a survey of the field of clinical research informatics (CRI), focusing in particular on significant developments over the past 3 years and the insights they provide about the progress and state of the field. METHODS An iterative "scoping review" of the literature published in scientific journals and conference proceedings that are relevant to CRI, from late 2009 to early...

To inform the UK antimicrobial resistance strategy, a risk assessment was undertaken of the likelihood, over a five-year time-frame, of the emergence and widespread dissemination of pan-drug-resistant (PDR) Gram-negative bacteria that would pose a major public health threat by compromising effective healthcare delivery. Subsequent impact over five- and 20-year time-frames was assessed in terms ...

BACKGROUND Exercise therapy encompasses a heterogeneous group of interventions. There continues to be uncertainty about the most effective exercise approach in chronic low back pain. PURPOSE To identify particular exercise intervention characteristics that decrease pain and improve function in adults with nonspecific chronic low back pain. DATA SOURCES MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsychInfo, CINAHL, an...