BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Cranial nerve abnormalities might be observed in hemifacial microsomia and microtia (oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum), but the rate, features, and relationship with functional impairment or phenotype severity have not yet been defined. This study aimed at investigating absence/asymmetry, abnormal origin, morphology and course of cranial nerves, and presence/asymmetry of...

Patients with chronic itch are diagnosed and treated by dermatologists. However, itch is a neural sensation and some forms of chronic itch are the presenting symptoms of neurological diseases. Dermatologists need some familiarity with the most common neuropathic itch syndromes to initiate diagnostic testing and to know when to refer to a neurologist. This review summarizes current knowledge, ad...

Neurofibromatosis type 2 is an inherited disease. The main manifestation of the disease is the development of symmetric, non-malignant brain tumors in the region of the cranial nerve VIII usually as schwannoma. We report here a 20-year-old woman with primary intracranial malignant nerve sheath tumor located in the left cerebellopontine angle. Histologically, the tumor showed malignant spindle c...

Oblique basal skull fractures resulting from lateral crushing injuries involving both clivus and occipital condyle are rare due to their deep locations. Furthermore, these fractures may present clinically with multiple cranial nerve injuries because neural exit routes are restricted in this intricate region. The authors present an interesting case of basal skull fractures involving the clivus a...

A 45-year-old woman reported multiple episodes of reversible left eye pain and diplopia stretching over 12 years. Ophthalmic examinations had repeatedly disclosed a left sixth cranial nerve palsy. Postcontrast brain MRI performed 3 weeks after clinical onset of the most recent episode demonstrated enhancement of the cisternal segment of the left sixth cranial nerve. Five months later, when symp...

Bell palsy occurs in different rheumatic diseases, causes hemifacial weakness, and targets the motor branch of the 7th cranial nerve. Severe, persistent, and refractory otalgia having features of neuropathic pain (ie, burning and allodynic) does not characteristically occur with Bell palsy. Whereas aberrant regeneration of the 7th cranial nerve occurring after a Bell palsy may lead to a variety...

Cranial nerve III dysfunction in multiple sclerosis (MS) is uncommon. Seven cases of isolated cranial nerve III paresis associated with MS have been reported in the English-language literature. MR imaging was obtained in five cases demonstrating lesions within the midbrain. We present the detailed clinical and MR imaging findings of a young woman with MS and an isolated, painful pupil involving...

Ophthalmoplegic migraine is a rare disorder characterized by childhood onset recurrent attacks of migraineous headaches with paresis of ocular cranial nerves. The third cranial nerve is commonly involved. Involvement of fourth and sixth cranial nerve is uncommon. We present a child with opthalmoplegic migraine with recurrent sixth cranial nerve palsy on two occasions. Neurology Asia 2013; 18(1)...

Central nervous system involvement has not been reported previously as a manifestation of sarcoidosis in monozygotic twins. Twin sisters developed multiple cranial nerve palsies and papilloedema within a two month period. Clinical features and the course of their diseases were remarkably similar.

Neurovascular compression syndromes are usually caused by arteries that directly contact the cisternal portion of a cranial nerve. Not all cases of neurovascular contact are clinically symptomatic. The transition zone between the central and peripheral myelin is the most vulnerable region for symptomatic neurovascular compression syndromes. Trigeminal neuralgia (cranial nerve V) has an incidenc...