Tumor cells are known to exhibit highly varied sensitivity to camptothecins (CPT; e.g., irinotecan and topotecan). However, the factors that determine CPT sensitivity/resistance are largely unknown. Recent studies have shown that the ubiquitin-like protein, IFN-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15), which is highly elevated in many human cancers and tumor cell lines, antagonizes the ubiquitin/proteasome p...

BACKGROUND Coronary endothelial function testing using acetylcholine is not routinely available, while non-pharmacological cold pressor testing (CPT) is considered an endothelial stressor. Noninvasive cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) myocardial perfusion reserve index (MPRI) can detect coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD). We evaluated if CPT stress CMRI MPRI could detect invasive ...

A new water-soluble derivative of camptothecin, 7-ethyl-10-[4-(1-piperidino)-1-piperidino]carbonyloxycamptothecin (CPT-11), did not exhibit potent antitumor activity in vitro against experimental tumor cells. The 50% effective doses of CPT-11 against KB and L1210 cells were 1100 and 5500 ng/ml, respectively. These values were markedly higher than those of camptothecin (CPT, 0.98 and 3.7 ng/ml) ...

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), hypertriglyceridemia, and elevated free fatty acids are present in the majority of patients with metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus and are strongly associated with hepatic insulin resistance. In the current study, we tested the hypothesis that an increased rate of fatty acid oxidation in liver would prevent the potentially harmful effects ...

Irinotecan (CPT-11) is a chemotherapeutic agent that is active in the treatment of a variety of solid tumor malignancies. Diarrhea represents the most common dose-limiting toxicity that is independent of the schedule of administration. A rat model with dose-limiting toxicity profiles that are similar to those observed in patients treated with CPT-11 was developed and used to evaluate the role o...

In-situ testing techniques have proven to be successful in improving the speed and reliability of geotechnical investigations. One of the most common in-situ methods in engineering geology and site investigation is Cone Penetration Test (CPT), which is mainly used for characterization of soils, as it is a robust, simple, fast, reliable and economic test that can provide continuous soundings of ...

We study the space-time CPT properties of string theories formulated in a flat Minkowski background of even dimension. We define CPT as a world-sheet transformation acting on the vertex operators and we prove the CPT invariance of the string S-matrix elements. Some related issues, including the connection between spin and statistics of physical string states, are also considered. † Supported by...

Irinotecan (CPT-11) is an anticancer drug that occasionally produces acute cholinergic side effects. Preliminary findings suggest that these are mediated through the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). In this study, the inhibition of various AChEs by CPT-11 was studied. The lactone form of CPT-11 resulted in apparent noncompetitive inhibition of electric eel and both human recombinant a...

We have studied apoptosis of gastrointestinal epithelial cells by examining the receptor-mediated and DNA damage-induced pathways using TNF-α and camptothecin (CPT), respectively. TNF-α requires inhibition of antiapoptotic protein synthesis by cycloheximide (CHX). CHX also results in high levels of active JNK, which are necessary for TNF-induced apoptosis. While CPT induces apoptosis, the incre...

Background: We aimed to determine the expression of two neuropeptides, neuropeptide Y (NPY) and vasoactive intestine peptide (VIP), in the pathological tissues of congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia (CPT) patients for understanding the etiology and pathogenesis of CPT. Methods: Periosteum and bone specimens from 20 CPT patients were studied, in comparison to 20 normal periosteum and bone tis...