BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Supportive care remains the mainstay of therapy in bronchiolitis. Earlier studies suggest that helium-oxygen therapy may be beneficial, but evidence is limited. We aimed to compare efficacy of 2 treatment gases, Heliox and Airox (21% oxygen + 79% helium or nitrogen, respectively), on length of hospital treatment for bronchiolitis. METHODS This was a multicenter random...

OBJECTIVES The goal was to compare the effect of an improved nasal airway on obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) by use of subjective and objective measures. METHODS A prospective study of 50 consecutive patients with nasal airway obstruction and OSA was carried out. RESULTS Subjectively, nasal breathing improved in 49 (98%) patients, whereas snoring decreased or disappeared in 17 (34%); the rema...

The treatment of sleep apnea with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) occasionally has been associated with the appearance of periodic limb movement (PLM) disorder, but it has not been clear whether CPAP induces PLM, or whether the PLM is simply disguised until apnea is treated. We report the emergence of PLM after the inadvertent application of CPAP in a patient without sleep apnea.

OBJECTIVE A case-controlled study to assess the effects of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on platelet activation in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSAS) syndrome. METHODS We recruited 65 patients with suspected OSAS for this study. Blood samples were taken with the patient in the supine position in the morning immediately after polysomnography, and 1 night and 3 mont...

N asal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the primary treatment for symptomatic patients with obstructive sleep apnoeahypopnoea (OSAH). The best method for determining the optimal CPAP pressure is an ongoing subject of scrutiny. Both the American Academy of Sleep Medicine and the American Thoracic Society recommend supervised CPAP titration during overnight polysomnography, based on ...

CONTEXT Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) is a cost-effective and minimal invasive respiratory support for the newborn. OBJECTIVE To review the evidence related to various aspects of CPAP usage and its applicability for developing countries. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION We conducted a literature search on PubMed, CENTRAL, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews using the terms CPAP OR ...

Objective. To develop a quick, simple, bedside test for determining continuous positive airway pressures (CPAP) for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients. Study Design. Prospective case series at a tertiary medical center. Methods. The Five-Minute Awake Snoring Test for Determining CPAP (Five-Minute CPAP Test) was developed and tested. Patients wear a soft-gel nasal triangle mask while holding...

The effect of transtracheal oxygen administration by means of a 9-French (2.7 mm) percutaneous catheter was assessed in five patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea. We hypothesized that the delivery of oxygen below the site of airway obstruction should reduce the arterial oxygen desaturation during apneas and hypopneas, thereby increasing respiratory stability. Standard sleep and respirat...

Sixty infants (median gestational age 29 weeks) with acute and 60 infants (median gestational age 25 weeks) with chronic respiratory distress were randomised to be extubated either directly into a headbox or onto 3 cm H2O nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). Our aim was to test the hypothesis that extubation onto nasal CPAP rather than directly into a headbox was more likely to be ...

INTRODUCTION Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the standard treatment for obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), with limited data about the prevalence of respiratory infections and microbial colonization in these patients. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine if CPAP use is associated with respiratory infections and to identify the organisms that colonize or infect these pa...