Feature space high dimensionality is a well-known problem in text classification and web mining domains, it caused mainly by the large number of vocabularies contained within documents. Several methods were applied to select most useful important features over years; however, performance such still improvable from different aspects as computational cost accuracy. This research presents an enhan...

Tags are often used to describe user-generated content on the Web. However, the available Web applications are not incrementally dealing with new tag information, which negatively influences their scalability. Since the cosine similarity between tags represented as co-occurrence vectors is an important aspect of these frameworks, we propose two approaches for an incremental computation of cosin...

In this paper, the cosine similarity measure of neutrosophic refined (multi-) sets is proposed and its properties are studied. The concept of this cosine similarity measure of neutrosophic refined sets is the extension of improved cosine similarity measure of single valued neutrosophic. Finally, using this cosine similarity measure of neutrosophic refined set, the application of medical diagnos...

MOTIVATION We reformulate the problem of comparing mass-spectra by mapping spectra to a vector space model. Our search method leverages a metric space indexing algorithm to produce an initial candidate set, which can be followed by any fine ranking scheme. RESULTS We consider three distance measures integrated into a multi-vantage point index structure. Of these, a semi-metric fuzzy-cosine di...

We reveal three surprising properties of cosine families, distinguishing them from semigroups of operators: (1) A single trajectory of a cosine family is either strongly continuous or not measurable. (2) Pointwise convergence of a sequence of equibounded cosine families implies that the convergence is almost uniform for time in the entire real line; in particular, cosine families cannot be pert...

a = bubble radius, m b = corrective factor used in Eq. (10) cij = matrix elements of the sensitivity coefficients J e = sample thickness, m f1, f2 = spectral weights of the Henyey–Greenstein phase function HG g = spectral asymmetry factor g1, g2 = spectral parameters of the Henyey–Greenstein phase function HG I = spectral radiation intensity, W m 2 sr 1 J = matrix of the sensitivity coefficient...

on one hand, iran due to the low annual rainfall and lack of appropriate spatial and temporal distribution in precipitation is considered as an arid and semi-arid country experiencing stress and water scarcity; on the other hand, 90% of annual water consumption has been allocated to agriculture sector in iran and efficiency and productivity of water consumption do not enjoy favorable status in ...