Article history: Received 11 September 2007 Received in revised form 9 September 2008 Accepted 10 September 2008 Available online 16 September 2008 How does political decentralization affect the frequency and costliness of bribe extraction by corrupt officials? Previous empirical studies, using subjective indexes of perceived corruption and mostly fiscal indicators of decentralization, have sug...

With the acceleration of China's opening-up, number and scale multinational corporations' investment projects in China are constantly increasing. However, order to obtain greater benefits Chinese market, some corporations choose seek illegitimate commercial interests through bribery. The increasing corruption cases transnational have bad influences on economic development, business environment ...

http://www.aic.gov.au Corruption, defined here as the exploitation of public office for personal gain, is a universal phenomenon. The practice, in one manifestation or another, is as old as government itself. Today, it thrives in the world’s wealthiest nations, and in its poorest. It exists on every continent, across people of all nationalities and religions. Corruption can take many forms, inc...

Educational corruption is a relatively new area of study in economics due mainly to the lack of available data. This paper utilizes a unique data set to examine educational corruption of various types including bribing on exams and term papers as well as bribing to obtain credits and bribing to enter educational institutions. The data was gathered from 1588 students attending educational instit...

Bribery has become the kind of corruption with highest annual incidence rate. Therefore, hunt for solutions to these problems must continue. Consequently, this research be conducted. The objective is examine how big data and whistle-blowing system affect prevention bribery. This investigation was conducted utilizing a quantitative methodology. 191 auditors from Financial Development Supervisory...

Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC). Where it does not exist, pliant prosecutors, judges, and court staff may ignore criminal acts of corruption or have them improperly dismissed. Biased appointments, promotions, and disciplinary processes mean that justice sector staff may be ill-equipped to handle complex cases, including those involving corruption. The UNCAC's unique provisions for...

Scholars have suggested that corruption could serve as a substitute for property-protecting institutions in developing countries, but very few empirical studies have been conducted to test this theory. Most existing studies on the determinants of corruption are cross-national, rely on perception-based measures, and focus on economic development, regime type, and market structure as explanatory ...

This paper analyzes the internal bribery records made available for research by an Asian trading firm. It documents pervasive corruption in government procurement and evaluates the impact of different auction regulations. The average kickback was 14.7% of the product cost when auctions were not mandatory. To fight corruption, the government mandated best-value auctions in 2001, and strengthened...