IN ARKANSAS, 'Concord' grapevines trained to the Geneva Double Curtain system have consistently produced larger yields than vines trained to the bilateral cordon or Umbrella Kniffen systems [Ark. Farm Res. 28(5):12; 1978]. However, information was needed on the influence of pruning severity, cane length and shoot positioning on yield and juice quality as determined by percentage of soluble soli...

In this paper, the possibility of applying simplified schemes, such as cordon pricing, as a second-best solution of the toll network design problem is investigated in the context of a multiclass equilibrium on multimodal networks with elastic demand. To this end a suitable equilibrium model is presented together with an efficient algorithm capable of solving it for large scale networks in quite...

Microsatellites are used to unravel the fine-scale genetic structure of a hybrid zone between chromosome races Valais and Cordon of the common shrew (Sorex araneus) located in the French Alps. A total of 269 individuals collected between 1992 and 1995 was typed for seven microsatellite loci. A modified version of the classical multiple correspondence analysis is carried out. This analysis clear...

Sediment transport is monitored by a specially designed instrumentation installed on a steep Ž . mountain streams the Rio Cordon . The variability of bedload rate and yield reflects the Ž . variability in flow discharge. Bedload and flow data for ‘ordinary’ low peak flow floods and ‘exceptional’ sediment transport events are used to test the range of application of the bedload equations propose...

In this paper, a simulation-based methodology is developed to analyze the effects of two transportation control strategies on congestion and automobile emissions. In particular, two types of road pricing implementations are studied: a Cordon Scheme and a Per-Mile Area Link Charging Scheme. The resulting model is then applied to the metropolitan Atlanta interstate highway system. Finally, the re...

Urban areas play a key role in the development of European territories, and it is essential for them to be sustainable and efficient. However, the European cities are facing some challenges related to certain trends that are threatening their sustainable development and operational efficiency. In this paper, we compare the contribution of three policy measures—cordon toll accompanied by public ...

As governments seek to transition to more efficient vehicle fleets, one strategy has been to incentivize ‘green’ vehicle choice by exempting some of these vehicles from road user charges. As an example, to stimulate sales of energy efficient vehicles (EEVs) in Sweden, some of these automobiles were exempted from Stockholm’s congestion tax. In this paper the effect this policy had on the demand ...