The turbulent processes of a stratocumulus-topped marine boundary layer are not yet fully understood. Among the issues is the relative importance of the effects of cloud-top radiative and evaporative cooling in driving the stratocumulus-topped marine boundary layer turbulence, and in producing cloud break-up. A better way to analyse the relevant observations is needed. Based on the concepts of ...

X-ray crystal monochromators exposed to white-beam X-rays in third-generation synchrotron light sources are subject to thermal deformations that must be minimized using an adequate cooling system. A new approach was used to measure the crystal shape profile and slope of several cryogenically cooled (liquid nitrogen) silicon monochromators as a function of beam power in situ and under heat load....

This paper describes the validation of MERIS water products for the Southern North Sea for the period July 2002 to September 2008. During this period, 39 matchups were obtained for the parameters water-leaving reflectance spectra, chlorophyll a concentration and total suspended matter concentration, of which 12 are in optimal conditions. Previous validation results reported for 2002-5 are updat...

[1] Surface transports into the California Current are calculated from TOPEX/POSEIDON altimeter surface height slopes during the 9.5 year period from October 1992–May 2002. These quantify the anomalous onshore and southward displacements of the water column during the 2000–2002 period, which had been hypothesized by others based on anomalous water properties observed in mid-2002 off Oregon. Ano...

We have observed a bright flare of Sgr A* in the near infrared with the adaptive optics assisted integral field spectrometer SINFONI. Within the uncertainties, the observed spectrum is featureless and can be described by a power law. Our data suggest that the spectral index is correlated with the instantaneous flux and that both quantities experience significant changes within less than one hou...

Cool roofs represent an acknowledged passive cooling technique to reduce building energy consumption for cooling and to mitigate urban heat island effects. This paper concerns the evaluation of the dynamic effect of new cool roof clay tiles on building thermal performance in summer and winter conditions. To this end, these properties have been analyzed on traditional roof brick tiles through an...

Introduction Lake Tahoe resides in a high elevation basin separated from the Sacramento Valley by the dominant Sierra Nevada divide along the Crystal Range. Lower ridges of the Carson Range to the east separate the lake from the Great Basin. These physical attributes define atmospheric processes in the Tahoe basin as much as define hydrological processes. The presence of the cold lake at the bo...

The random access analyser COBAS MIRA S (Roche Diagnostics) was evaluated for two months. The instrument is a computer-controlled discrete analyser which can be run in a combination profile and single test mode. This instrument has special features, including an automatic cuvette segment changer, a reagent rack cooling system, an external keyboard and monitor, as well as a bar-code facility for...

The Sunyaev–Zel’dovich (SZ) effect is a powerful new tool for finding and studying clusters at high redshift, particularly in combination with their X-ray properties. In this paper we quantify the expected scaling relations between these properties using numerical simulations with various models for heating and cooling of the cluster gas. For a Non-radiative model, we find scaling relations in ...