Conversational implicatures involve reasoning about multiply nested belief structures. This complexity poses significant challenges for computational models of conversation and cognition. We show that agents in the multi-agent DecentralizedPOMDP reach implicature-rich interpretations simply as a by-product of the way they reason about each other to maximize joint utility. Our simulations involv...

This paper discusses the processes by which dialogue participants incrementally compute the conveyed meaning of referential descriptions. I show that some of the phenomena observed in the psycholinguistics literature can be accounted for by theories of conversational implicature that exploit ingredients from computational models of Referring Expression Generation. The result is a system that co...

Since Horn (1972) the notion of conversational implicature proposed by Grice has been put to use to explain certain interpretive differences between expressions in natural language and their counterparts in formal logic. For example, the sentences in (1) seem to convey more than they would be expected to if the natural language disjunction or had the same meaning as the logical disjunction∨, or...

The importance of language in human life cannot be overstated. People may readily interact with others through language, and many us have used implicature a conversation, not just everyday speech but also movie. A movie is collection audio-visual images depicting character conversation; the that communication has implications meaning. goal this research to investigate conversational implicature...

This research aims to reveal the types and implied meaning of implicature found in an online lecture courses English education study program at one university Yogyakarta. In this using descriptive qualitative methods by a theory from Grice (1975). The data findings consist three main implicatures generalized conversational with 14.3%, particularized 8.6% conventional 8.6%. Then, four functions ...

In this paper we motivate and describe a dialogue manager (called Frolog) which uses classical planning to infer causal implicatures. A causal implicature is a type of Gricean relation implicature, a highly context dependent form of inference. As we shall see, causal implicatures are important for understanding the structure of task-oriented dialogues. Such dialogues locate conversational acts ...

This paper offers a novel conversational implicature account of the pragmatic sensitivity of knowledge attributions. Developing an account I first suggested elsewhere (Locke, Inquiry 57:28–54, 2014b) and independently proposed by Lutz (in Synthese 191:1717–1740, 2014), this paper explores the idea that the relevant implicatures are generated by a constitutive relationship between believing a pr...

Can preschoolers make pragmatic inferences based on the intonation of an utterance? Previous work has found that young children appear to ignore intonational meanings and come to understand contrastive intonation contours only after age six. We show that four-year-olds succeed in interpreting an English utterance, such as "It LOOKS like a zebra", to derive a conversational implicature, namely [...