Pressure-driven transport of particles through a symmetric converging-diverging microchannel is studied by solving a coupled nonlinear system, which is composed of the Navier-Stokes and continuity equations using the arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian finite-element technique. The predicted particle translation is in good agreement with existing experimental observations. The effects of pressure gra...

Acoustic analogues of black holes (dumb holes) are generated when a supersonic fluid flow entrains sound waves and forms a trapped region from which sound cannot escape. The surface of no return, the acoustic horizon, is qualitatively very similar to the event horizon of a general relativity black hole. In particular Hawking radiation (a thermal bath of phonons with temperature proportional to ...

In the cold-spray process, metal powder particles develop into a coating as a result of ballistic impingment on a substrate. In cold-spray, compressed gas (air, nitrogen or helium), at pressures ranging between 1.4– 3.4 MPa (200–500 psi), but typically around 1.7 MPa (250 psi), flows through a manifold system containing a gas heater and a powder feeder. The pressurized gas is heated electricall...

Transforming CO2 into value-added chemicals is crucial to realizing a carbon–neutral economy, and plasma-based conversion, Power-2-X technology, offers promising route an efficient scalable process. This paper investigates the effects of post-plasma placement converging–diverging nozzle in vortex-stabilized 2.45 GHz microwave plasma reactor increase energy efficiency conversion. The CDN leads 2...

The unsteady response of nozzles with steady heat transfer forced by acoustic and/or entropy waves is modelled. approach based on the quasi-one-dimensional linearised Euler equations. equations are cast in terms three variables, namely dimensionless mass, stagnation temperature and fluctuations, which invariants system at zero frequency no transfer. resulting first-order differential then solve...

The present study delivers several numerical experiments, conducted on a converging–diverging horizontal nozzle with the insertion of single and multiple circular cylinders. fluid enters from inlet wall, strikes nozzle's cylinder's walls times, affecting entire flow region, and, finally, leaves through outlet wall. This process leads to many new unseen things. lattice Boltzmann method relaxatio...