A 1-D, transient mathematical model (MIX1D) has been developed to simulate the final composition distributions produced within continuous-cast slabs and blooms during an arbitrary grade transition. This work applies the model to investigate the effect of process variables on the extent of intermixing during a typical ladle change operation, where mixing occurs in both the tundish and the liquid...

Oscillation marks accompanied by sub-surface hooks routinely appear on the surface of continuously cast steel slabs, and are especially severe in ultralow carbon steel. This paper presents a new detailed mechanism for their formation, which has been developed by combining existing theoretical modeling results, experimental observations, and analyses based on optical and scanning electron micros...

Based on the solidification heat transfer model and CAFE model, behavior structure of 2311 die steel, with a cross-section dimension 415 × 2270 mm at different casting speeds, specific water flow superheat, is numerically simulated. Nail-shooting acid-etching experiments are carried out slab to verify model’s macroscopic size. With increase in speed, slab’s central equiaxed grain ratio (ECR) de...

The detection of inhomogeneities such as shrinkage pores, gas pores or cracks in light metals or plastics by means of microfocus x-rays computed tomography (μXCT) has become a common non-destructive testing method in recent years. The evaluation of CT-data of Fe-based materials is more difficult, since they are usually noisy, of poor contrast and the interpretation is affected by measurement ar...