The Arabic text can be translated into English using a variety of machine translation techniques. still poses number challenges in contemporary Arabic. To identify these that encounter while translating translation, systematic literature review (SLR) approach is used. SLR steps—protocol creation, first and final selection, quality assessment, data extraction synthesis—are Nineteen are reported ...

freedom is one of the greatest and highest human values and of necessities of life and evolution that all nations have wanted its realization. the word freedom dates back to human history and it has found criterion and rate through indicators such as truth-seeking, justice and human's existential growth and defines its own limits and is manifested in literature of different nations in vari...

David Cook is a Professor of religion in the Department Religious Studies at Rice University, specializing Islam. He completed his undergraduate degree Hebrew University Jerusalem 1994. later received M.A. 1998 and Ph.D. with study titled “The Beginnings Islam Syria during Umayyad Period”, which he prepared under supervision Fred Donner, Walter Kaegi, Patricia Crone from Chicago (Department Nea...

Abdul Rauf Benewah is one of the contemporary writers and poets Pashto literature language. Also, he known as five stars literature. Besides poetry, wrote a lot essays dramas, most them on social historical which are written by Pashto, Persian Arabic languages. contributed numerous collections in prose, poetry dramas. Preshans Afkar [Troubled mind] his poetic collection has good poems. was tend...

yemeni poet abdul-aziz maqaleh is regarded among the poets who have been influenced by the myths of different nations. meanwhile this poet has used clearly and outstandingly from the greek mythology. although maqaleh has used in the beginning of his poem – like other poets- from the indexical aspect of myths, but he soon became successful to cover his own contemporary experience on the myths. p...