BACKGROUND In most low-income countries, many women with high-risk pregnancies and complications do not reach the referral hospitals despite the provision of referral advice. OBJECTIVE To explore how antenatal maternal referral advice is understood and handled in a rural Tanzanian community. METHODS Individual in-depth interviews were conducted with six women who did not go to hospital and ...

OBJECTIVE To examine the association between unintended pregnancy and the initiation and duration of breastfeeding. STUDY DESIGN This was a secondary data analysis of the 1995 Cycle 5 of the National Survey of Family Growth. POPULATION We studied 6733 first singleton live births to US women aged 15 years to 44 years. OUTCOMES Using the 1995 Institute of Medicine definitions, pregnancies w...

Increased cord blood C-peptide levels in neonates born to mothers with gestational diabetes (GD) were directly correlated with the increased relative birth weight ratio (BWR) of these neonates. In addition, the percentage oxygen saturation of the cord blood was inversely correlated with cord blood C-peptide levels and with the relative BWR. These correlations were absent in neonates delivered t...

The aim of this study was to investigate the posttraumatic growth (PTG) after high risk pregnancy. Data were collected from 183 women who had obstetrical high risk using self-administered questionnaire including scales of Korean-Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (K-PTGI). Women were recruited from nine hospitals in P city, U city, and K-do in Korea. Women reported PTG in a moderate to great degree...

The aim of the work was to identify characteristics of pregnant women cared for by an obstetric nurse in a visit to the prenatal outpatient nursing service and compare these over the period from 1972 to 2009. Sociodemographic and obstetric data were collected from the forms completed by the pregnant patients during their visit to the nursing service. A total of 1245 forms were analyzed 208 (16....

BACKGROUND Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC) is the most common gastrointestinal emergency in neonates. Previously established risk factors for the development of NEC include prematurity and low birth weight. However, it is not clear to date as to whether the etiology of NEC is due to host, environmental, or yet other unknown factors. We analyzed the differences in incidence of NEC in twin pregna...

Influenza presents a significant risk for increased morbidity and mortality to pregnant women and infants based on evidence from previous influenza pandemics, seasonal epidemics, and the recent H1N1 pandemic. Since 2004, influenza vaccine has been recommended for pregnant women during any trimester of pregnancy to reduce this risk. This chapter presents an overview of influenza risks associated...

Twin gestations frequently involve maternal and fetal complications, and are quite often considered as "premium" pregnancies. Hence, many clinicians that follow the cliche "no high risk pregnancy should end with a high risk delivery" may deliver twins by CS for many subtle reasons, other than clear-cut, evidence-based, indications. Thus, the decision for a CS in twins, intentionally or not, is ...

Gallbladder disease is a highly prevalent disease in western countries as a consequence of several genetic, biochemical, and environmental factors. Females are a high risk group, and pregnancy increases this risk considerably. In fact, gallbladder diseases are the second most common indication for nonobstetric surgical intervention in pregnancy. In this review, we discuss the most important asp...

BACKGROUND Studies on birth weight and congenital anomalies in sub-Saharan regions are scarce. METHODS Data on child variables (gestational age, birth weight, sex, and congenital malformations) and maternal variables (gravidity, parity, antenatal care, previous abortions, maternal illness, age, medication, and malformation history) were collected for all neonates delivered at Ayder referral a...