suppose $g$ is a finite group, $a$ and $b$ are conjugacy classes of $g$ and $eta(ab)$ denotes the number of conjugacy classes contained in $ab$. the set of all $eta(ab)$ such that $a, b$ run over conjugacy classes of $g$ is denoted by $eta(g)$.the aim of this paper is to compute $eta(g)$, $g in { d_{2n}, t_{4n}, u_{6n}, v_{8n}, sd_{8n}}$ or $g$ is a decomposable group of order $2pq$, a group of...

Fullerene chemistry is nowadays a well-established field of both theoretical and experimental investigations‎. This study considers the symmetry of small fullerenes cage C24 and C28‎. ‎Using PM3 program for C24 and C28 fullerenes, Oh and Td symmetry were confirmed, respectively‎. ‎ The mentioned algorithm to compute the automorphism group of these fullerenes with connectivity and geometry of th...

There have been several attempts to extend the notion of conjugacy from groups to monoids. The aim of this paper is study the decidability and independence of conjugacy problems for three of these notions (which we will denote by ∼p, ∼o, and ∼c) in certain classes of finitely presented monoids. We will show that in the class of polycyclic monoids, p-conjugacy is “almost” transitive, ∼c is stric...

The action of any group on itself by conjugation and the corresponding conjugacy relation play an important role in group theory. There have been several attempts to extend the notion of conjugacy to semigroups. In this paper, we present a new definition of conjugacy that can be applied to an arbitrary semigroup and it does not reduce to the universal relation in semigroups with a zero. We comp...

Given a short exact sequence of groups with certain conditions, 1 → F → G → H → 1, we prove that G has solvable conjugacy problem if and only if the corresponding action subgroup A Aut(F ) is orbit decidable. From this, we deduce that the conjugacy problem is solvable, among others, for all groups of the form Z2 Fm, F2 Fm, Fn Z, and Zn A Fm with virtually solvable action group A GLn(Z). Also, w...

In this article‎, ‎we have characterized ideals in $C(X)$ in which‎ ‎every ideal is also an ideal (a $z$-ideal) of $C(X)$‎. ‎Motivated by‎ ‎this characterization‎, ‎we observe that $C_infty(X)$ is a regular‎ ‎ring if and only if every open locally compact $sigma$-compact‎ ‎subset of $X$ is finite‎. ‎Concerning prime ideals‎, ‎it is shown that‎ ‎the sum of every two prime (semiprime) ideals of e...

Suppose $G$ is a finite group, $A$ and $B$ are conjugacy classes of $G$ and $eta(AB)$ denotes the number of conjugacy classes contained in $AB$. The set of all $eta(AB)$ such that $A, B$ run over conjugacy classes of $G$ is denoted by $eta(G)$.The aim of this paper is to compute $eta(G)$, $G in { D_{2n}, T_{4n}, U_{6n}, V_{8n}, SD_{8n}}$ or $G$ is a decomposable group of order $2pq$, a group of...

The action of any group on itself by conjugation and the corresponding conjugacy relation play an important role in group theory. There have been several attempts to extend the notion of conjugacy to semigroups. In this paper we present a new definition of conjugacy, which can be applied to an arbitrary semigroup, including semigroups with zero. We characterize this conjugacy in various semigro...

As preparation for a duality theory for saddle programs, a partial conjugacy correspondence is developed among equivalence classes of saddle functions. Three known conjugacy correspondences, including Fenchel's correspondence among convex functions and Rockafellar's extension of it to equivalence classes of saddle functions, are shown to be degenerate special cases. Additionally, two new corres...