objective: this study was carried out to clarify the potential health-risk and to determinant the prevalence of antenatal rubella infection in north-central, nigeria. materials and methods: a descriptive cross-sectional survey was carried out among pregnant women to establish the knowledge, attitude and practices with regards to antenatal rubella infection in early pregnancy in ilorin. a total ...

bifid cardiac apex is a rare anomaly of human hearts. we report of the case of a 34-year-old man with a previous history of ventricular septal defect (vsd) and subvalvular pulmonary stenosis. he had undergone pulmonary commissurotomy and vsd closure 22 years before he was referred to our center for evaluation of progressive dyspnea. transthoracic echocardiography revealed atrial septal defect (...

anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (alcapa) is a rare congenital cardiac malformation. we report three cases of alcapa who survived to adulthood. the first case was a 51-year-old woman who complained of typical chest pain that was diagnosed with alcapa using cardiac catheterization and coronary computed tomographic angiography (cta). the second case was a 30-...

the purpose of this study was to evaluate the early and late outcome after total correction of tetralogy of fallot (tof) in 101 consecutive patients with a mean age of 8.23 ± 4.90 years underwent repair of surgery at one institution between 1995 and 2006. forty two patients had initial palliative operations. a transannular patch was inserted in 60 (58.5%) patients. risk factors for operative mo...

congenital lobar emphysema is a rare cause of respiratory distress during infancy which is cured by surgery. we are reporting three cases of congenital lobar emphysema with different presentations of the disease. chest x-ray was the basis of diagnosis but confirmatory lung computerized tomography was also used. the emphysematous lobe was left upper lobe in two infants and right upper and middle...

severe  congenital  neutropenia  (scn)  is  a  rare  primary  immunodeficiency   disease. different genes are found to be associated with scn, including ela2, hax1, was, gfi1, g-csfr  and  g6pc3.  the  aim  of  this  study  was  to  find  different  gene  mutations responsible for scn in iranian patients. twenty-seven   patients   with   scn  referred   to  immunology,   asthma   and  allergy r...

severe congenital neutropenia (scn) is a rare primary immunodeficiency. different genes are found to be associated with scn, including ela2, hax1, was, gfi1, g-csfr. also, recently g6pc3 as a rare gene in scn has been reported. patients with g6pc3 often have cardiac and/or urogenital malformations. two patients with   persistent   severe   neutropenia,   recurrent   infections   and   maturatio...

objective deficient enzyme activity may cause congenital metabolic defects. these defectsare inherited in an autosomal recessive, autosomal dominant, and x-linkedpatterns. this study was aimed at investigating the occurrence of metabolicdiseases in qazvin province. materials & methods this cross-sectional study was performed on 79,100 children aged 12 years orless between 2000 and 2010. clinica...

retinoic acid (ra) plays a key role in pattern formation along the major body axis and limbformation during vertebrate development. exposure to excessive retinoic acid (in uterus) generatescongenital malformations in limbs, craniofacial, cns, urogenital, heart, and axial skeletons. in thesestudies, seven groups of nmri pregnant mice were administered a single gavage dose of 100 mg /kgbody weigh...

background and objective: congenital heart disease (chd) is the most form of cardiovascular disease in children. chd have different presentations, from defects that progress asymptomatically to those with significant symptoms and high mortality. this study was performed to highlight the importance of signs and symptoms to diagnosis of chd neonates. materials & methods: this descriptive an...