The anaerobic digestion process is globally applied to the treatment of highly concentrated wastes such as industrial and rural effluents, and sewage sludge. However, it is known to be relatively unstable. When loaded with high concentrations of organic material, unwanted volatile fatty acids (VFA) are often produced rather than methane (CH4) gas which can lead to digester acidification and fai...

Carbon-fiber amperometry detects oxidizable molecules released by exocytosis. We extended this electrochemical technique to cells that do not normally secrete oxidizable transmitters. We incubated AtT-20 cells, pituitary gonadotropes, cultured cerebellar granule cells, and yeast with high concentrations of dopamine (DA) and observed spontaneous and evoked quantal release of DA by amperometry. T...

Due to high surface-to-volume ratio of nanoscale structures, surface stress effects have a significant influence on their behavior. In this paper, a two-dimensional problem for an elastic layer that is bonded to a rigid substrate and subjected to an inclined concentrated line load acting on the surface of the layer is investigated based on Gurtin-Murdoch continuum model to consider surface stre...

In this work, polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) with two different functional groups, octa(nitrophenyl)silsesquioxane (ONPS) and octa(aminophenyl)silsesquioxane (OAPS), was incorporated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), forming composite membranes for furfural recovery via pervaporation process. The addition of POSS had enhanced the hydrophobicity PDMS improved affinity membranes. At same ...