objectives: the purpose of this study was to develop and test a new tool for radiographic densitometry by combining periapical films and aluminum step wedge. materials and methods: we reviewed 50 kodak e-speed intraoral films. an aluminum step wedge consisting of 16 steps was constructed. each step was 1mmx3mx10mm. the step wedge was exposed to varying exposure times, ranging from 0.05 second t...

Most vocabulary learning should occur incidentally through listening and reading. This is one of the  reasons  why  a  substantial  extensive  reading  program  is  an  important  part  of  an  English course.  Extensive  reading  requires  the  learners  to  do  large quantities  of  reading  using  material that  is  at  the  right  level  for  them.  Vocabulary  learning  occurs  through  th...

It is generally acknowledged that motivation plays a critical role in second-language (L2) reading. The technology-enhanced learning environment, specifically the computer-assisted reading environment as an interactive tool with distinctive attributes, is said to motivate English as a foreign language (EFL) learners to make more sustained efforts in online reading and show greater perseverance....

Reading is an essential skill for functioning in modern society, fundamental to achievement and success. Yet, an alarming proportion of students have significant difficulties with reading. Research indicates that computer assisted instruction (CAI) can provide an effective educational tool to help poor readers. This case study investigates the effectiveness of a CAI reading tutorial in helping ...

The present study compares the performance of two TEFL reading classes: one taking place in a regular classroom and the other held in a computer lab, with the learners practicing reading online. The results of an independent samples t-test showed that the difference between the learners’ scores on their reading comprehension post-tests and pretests did not differ statistically significantly fro...

This study aimed to investigate the effect of using vocabulary software on the vocabulary learning of Iranian EFL learners. Participants of the study were 54 intermediate-level students (23 males and 31 females) learning English as a foreign language in Mehr Institute in Izeh who were selected after taking the Nelson English Language Test as a proficiency test. They were randomly divided into t...