Measuring a cephalometric radiograph is an imprecise task, and the errors associated with this should be quantified and understood. The potential sources of error are outlined and the literature relating to the assessment of measurement errors is reviewed. Three techniques are examined: the error attributable to a single recording; its associated confidence limits; and the coefficient of reliab...

Classification systems play an important role in business decision-making tasks by classifying the available information based on some criteria. The objective of this research is to assess the relative performance of some well-known classification methods. We consider classification techniques that are based on statistical and AI techniques. We use synthetic data to perform a controlled experim...

The aid process is challenging from an allocation standpoint because donors must choose between many organizations with imperfect information about all of them. This paper explores a possible method for correcting the information asymmetry inherent in allocations through comparative impact assessments. The approach combines methods from impact studies and process evaluations to create a framewo...