This paper contrasts the characteristics of Virtual Teams and Online Communities with regard to their potentials for fostering Open Innovation Management. We develop scenarios to illustrate the potentially most effective usage for Virtual Teams and Open Innovation Communities in an enterprise and analyze how discontinuous innovations are developed in an open company environment. Core values, wh...

background: more than 36 % of the total population of iran consists of young people aged 15 to 25 yr. recent studies show that this age group has the highest rate of serious health problems. youth participatory studies on youth health priority have shown that mental health is one of the most important priorities in youth health. aim to assessing the mental health needs of youth we conducted a p...

extension of the building advance-sale contracts on the one hand, and inadequacy of the provisions of the civil code on protection of  building advance-buyers before making its completion, on the other, consequently causing many problems for people in the community (society), has forced the legislature to pass the building advance-sale code in 2010. the parties of these contracts are called adv...

A fundamental feature of community-based participatory research (CBPR) is sharing findings with community members and engaging community partners in the dissemination process. To be truly collaborative, dissemination should involve community members in a two-way dialogue about new research findings. Yet little literature describes how to engage communities in dialogue about research findings, e...

A visioning exercise can bring a community together as people recognize their shared values and purposes, and articulate a shared vision of their community. The vision serves to lay out what the community should look like physically, socially and environmentally in 5, 10 or 20 years. A visioning exercise creates a sense of ownership in community residents to the extent that they want to see the...