this survey was conducted on 133 egge that they were collected from isphahan markets, eggs are tested for aerobic mesophill bacteria (total count) and 186 eggs were tested for salmonella spp. contamination. the results showed 3000 to 10 million colony per gram bacteria counted in egg samples. the mean colony count was 1693000.7 percentage samples rich to mean colony count. (95% accuracy,sd2.232...

BACKGROUND Successful cooperation depends on reliable identification of friends and foes. Social insects discriminate colony members (nestmates/friends) from foreign workers (non-nestmates/foes) by colony-specific, multi-component colony odors. Traditionally, complex processing in the brain has been regarded as crucial for colony recognition. Odor information is represented as spatial patterns ...

In social insects, colony-level complexity may emerge from simple individual-level behaviors and interactions. Emergent global properties such as colony size, which can be viewed as a consequence of life history traits, may influence individual-level behaviors themselves. The effects of colony size on productivity, body size, behavioral flexibility, and colony organization are examined here by ...

introduction genetic background has known to be associated with the outcome of human t cell lymphotropic virus (htlv) type i infection. in the present study we investigate the association between gm-csf gene polymorphisms with the outcome of htlv-i infection. materials and methods we analyzed 3 single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the promter region of granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating fa...

objective(s): granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (g-csf) is used in clinical practice for the treatment of neutropenia and to stimulate generation of hematopoietic stem cells in bone marrow donors. in the present study, the ability of g-csf in mobilizing exogenous bone marrow stem cells (bmscs) from peripheral blood into the brain was tested. we for the first time injected a small amount of ...

the capacitated clustering problem (ccp) is one of the most importantcombinational optimization problems that nowadays has many real applications inindustrial and service problems. in the ccp, a given n nodes with known demandsmust be partitioned into k distinct clusters in which each cluster is detailed by anode acting as a cluster center of this cluster. the objective is to minimize the sumof...

distribution centers (dcs) play important role in maintaining the uninterrupted flow of goods and materials between the manufacturers and their customers.this paper proposes a mathematical model as the bi-objective capacitated multi-vehicle allocation of customers to distribution centers. an evolutionary algorithm named non-dominated sorting ant colony optimization (nsaco) is used as the optimi...