Recent research has demonstrated that verbal overshadowing occurs when a witness is forced to provide details of the culprit that are not readily available, but the effect does not occur when the witness is warned to provide only the information they are absolutely sure of (Meissner et al., 2001). The present study attempts to replicate this effect and to further examine the instructional manip...

Human behavior is complex and every individual is different from another, the challenge of an effective organization is in successfully matching the task, the manager and the subordinate. Under ideal situation, a manager would first analyze the task, then determine the required skills and assemble a team that complement each other skills; thereby creating an enriching & conflict free team. In r...

Efficient deployment of attention is important to the safe execution of tasks with a high content of visual information, such as driving. Chasing a lead vehicle is an extremely demanding and dangerous task, though little is known of the visual skills required. A study is reported that recorded the eye movements of police drivers and two control groups (novices and ageand experienced-matched con...

This article looks at the main symptoms of the crisis in psychology. The author believes that in addition to the traditional manifestations that have dogged psychology since it emerged as an independent science, there have appeared some new symptoms. The author identifies three fundamental "ruptures": "vertical" ruptures between various schools and trends, "horizontal" ruptures between natural ...

Most texts on writing style encourage authors to avoid overly-complex words. However, a majority of undergraduates admit to deliberately increasing the complexity of their vocabulary so as to give the impression of intelligence. This paper explores the extent to which this strategy is effective. Experiments 1–3 manipulate complexity of texts and find a negative relationship between complexity a...

1Introduction How doesmemory work? How doweunderstandlanguage, andproduce itsothat others canu nderstand?How dow eperceiveour environment? How dow ei nfer from patterns oflightorsoundthe presence ofobjects inour environment,andtheir properties? How dowereason,andsolveproblems? How dowethink? Thesea resomeofthe foundationalq uestions thatcognitivepsychology examines. Theyarefoundationalpartly be...

This book represents a challenge to the traditional, symbolic view of cognition that knowledge is represented in the form of connections among amodal symbols, and that perceptual and motor information is fully translated into this language of amodal symbols before cognitive operations are performed on this information. The authors of the various chapters instead present evidence that perceptual...

We examine the impact of the framing of the survey request––the description of the survey’s sponsor and topic––on respondents’ answers and describe three mechanisms that may underline such effects. Respondents can try to be relevant and cooperative and provide answers they see as the most useful; they can use the sponsorship and other elements of the survey presentation to help them understand ...

Cognitive psychology is the study of how the mind processes information. In other words, it involves information processing – that is, the notion that psychological processes can be described by the flow of information within the nervous system. Examples of cognitive processes include the ways that people select, interpret and remember information from their environment. These processes are inf...

The protocol algorithm abstracted from a human cognizer's own narrative in the course of doing a cognitive task is an explanation of the corresponding mental activity in Pylyshyn's (1984) virtual machine model of mind. Strong equivalence between an analytic algorithm and the protocol algorithm is an index of validity of the explanatory model. Cognitive psychologists may not find the index stron...