The paper utilized a panel dataset to investigate the effects of impact factors, namely, economic growth, energy intensity, consumption, urbanisation, passenger vehicles and transport infrastructure investments on carbon emissions (CO2-eq). sector main buoyant provinces South Africa for consecutive period five years was investigated using STIRPAT models. Carbon coefficient method, (CECM) is mad...

Our objective in this study was to assess the effect of using two kinds of lead-free gasoline [including 92-lead-free gasoline (92-LFG) and 95-lead-free gasoline (95-LFG), rated according to their octane levels] to replace the use of premium leaded gasoline (PLG) on the emissions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their corresponding benzo[a]pyrene equivalent (BaP(eq)) amounts from ...

Electrifying energy-intensive processes is currently intensively explored to cut greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions through renewable electricity. Electrification particularly challenging if fossil resources are not only used for energy supply but also as feedstock. Copper production such an process consuming large quantities of fuels both reducing agent and supply. Here, we explore the techno-econ...

The EU’s climate and energy framework Energy Efficiency Directive drive European companies to improve their efficiency. In Finland, the aim is achieve carbon neutrality by 2035. Stora Enso Wood Supply Finland (WSF) had a target, 2020, its efficiency 4% from 2015 level. This case study researches use of forest machine fleet contracted WSF. aims were 1) clarify energy-efficiency as related engine...

This paper presents for the first time the results of a full life cycle assessment (LCA)1 study for the three most common types of house in the UK: detached, semi-detached and terraced. All life cycle stages are considered, including house construction, use and demolition after 50 years. The results indicate that the use stage has the largest contribution to most environmental impacts. For exam...

The Chinese government has taken great efforts to popularize rural household scale biogas digesters, since they are regarded as an effective approach to address energy shortage issues in rural areas and as a potential way of reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Focusing on a typical rural household biogas system, the aim of this study is to systematically quantify its total direct and indir...

This study examines dynamic interrelationships and causality relationships among CO2 emissions, economic, political and financial variables over the period of 1971-2011 for the case of Iran as one of the top CO2 emitting countries in the world. The results of ARDL and Johansen cointegration approaches confirm the existence of long run relationship among CO2 emissions, energy consumption, GDP, f...

This study evaluates the regional and sectoral CO2 emissions estimated by different CO2 emissions accounting methodologies around 2050 under different CO2 reduction scenarios. The production-based measurement of CO2 emissions is based on polluter pays principle, while the consumption-based measurement is based on beneficiary pays principle. In the field of global warming, the widely used method...