Reprocessing comprises three steps: cleaning, disinfection and-if required-sterilisation. While the extents of disinfection and of sterilisation are quantitatively defined, there are only imprecise (qualitative) definitions of cleaning. There are two main reasons for accurate cleaning. First organic and inorganic materials that remain on inner and outer surfaces will interfere with the efficacy...

This paper describes the experience gained in Sweden in connection with early phase-out of CFC-113 in the production engineering industry. It concentrates particularly on the phase-out of CFC-113 in the production of PCB assemblies, although parallel applications for cleaning of precision components, metal cleaning and : to some extent the phase-out of l,l,l-trichloroethane are also considered....

OBJECTIVE Most reusable biopsy forceps and all of the currently available single-use biopsy forceps do not have a port that allows fluid flow down the inner tubular shaft of the device. Reusable biopsy forceps are widely used and reprocessed in healthcare facilities, and single-use biopsy forceps are reprocessed either in-house (eg, in Canada and Japan) or by third-party reprocessors (eg, in th...

The aim is a cleaning robot which automatically cleans the outside of windows on a facade with vertical jambs and horizontal bars. The facade has to possess certain constructive properties. This "interface" enables the cleaning robot which is detachable from the building and portable to operate on any respectively designed facade on several buildings. A special cleaning-head keeps the water use...

We assessed the adenosine triphosphate luminometer as a tool for point-of-cleaning education. Following a terminal cleaning, infection preventionists met with cleaning staff and used the luminometer to evaluate multiple surfaces; 820 surfaces in 210 rooms were sampled. The mean proportion of clean surfaces improved significantly over the study period, P = .012. These findings suggest that direc...

ne01 themostcommoncausesof coating failure is inadequate surface preparation. Hence it is important to accuratelyassesstheefficiency of a cleaning technique prior to introducing it in a commercial operation. aecent developments in the cleaning of metallic surfaces ~ idethe use of aqueoussolutions that can beoperated at l i . Lemperatures to save energy. Some expensive organic Soivents that have...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the use of ear endoscopy in the postoperative management of open mastoidectomy cavities, and to test whether ear endoscopy improves inspection and cleaning compared with ear microscopy. METHODS Prospective study. Thirty-two ears were divided into two groups: group 1, examination and cleaning of mastoid cavities under endoscopic visualization after microscopic standard ea...

Ultrafiltration (UF) of whey is a major membrane based process in the dairy industry. However, commercialization of this application has been limited by membrane fouling, which has a detrimental influence on the permeation rate. There are a number of different chemical and physical cleaning methods currently used for cleaning a fouled membrane. It has been suggested that the cleaning frequency ...

BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to perform simulated-use testing as well as a clinical study to assess the efficacy of the EVOTECH Endoscope Cleaner and Reprocessor (ECR) cleaning for flexible colonoscopes, duodenoscopes, gastroscopes and bronchoscopes. The main aim was to determine if the cleaning achieved using the ECR was at least equivalent to that achieved using optimal manual c...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of passive ultrasonic agitation on the cleaning capacity of a hybrid instrumentation technique. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty mandibular incisors with mesiodistal-flattened root shape had their crowns sectioned at 1 mm from the cementoenamel junction. Instrumentation was initiated by catheterization with K-type files (Denstply Maillefer) #10, #15, and #20 at 3...