Introduction/Main Objectives: Theory of Islamic Leadership emerged as a form counter-hegemony to western perspectives leadership. Background Problems: However, the lack clarity in leadership theories, has put dangerous ambiguity due its overlapping nature other contemporary constructs. Novelty: This study contributed on mapping world studies, some extent significant impact well-being followers....

The goal of the standards is to “address what a voting system should reliably do, not how system components should be configured to meet these requirement” [7, Vol I §1.1]. The standards present a certification procedure involving testing by Independent Testing Authorities (ITAs or, simply, Testing Authorities), and many jurisdictions cannot use systems that are uncertified. Virtually all vendo...

In their article “Explaining Bargaining Impasse: The Role of Self-Serving Biases”, (JEP, Winter 1997), Babcock and Loewenstein (hereafter BL) invoke the notion of selfserving biases to account for behavior in a rich variety of settings, for instance, the failure to reach an agreement in laboratory bargaining games, the behavior of job searchers, and the discrepancy between plaintiffs’ and defen...