The filamentous ascomycete Aspergillus niger is well known for its ability to accumulate citric acid for the hydrolysis of starchy materials. To improve citric acid productivity, heavy ion beam mutagenesis was utilized to produce mutant A.niger strains with enhanced production of citric acid in this work. It was demonstrated that a mutant HW2 with high concentration of citric acid was isolated ...

The aim of this study was to determine whether citric acid adsorbed onto cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) nanoparticles (NPs) influences the bioavailability of their constituents Co and Fe. Dissolution of Co and Fe was assessed by two measures: (i) in aqueous suspension using chemical analysis, prior to application onto the food of test organisms; and (ii) in vivo, measuring the bioavailability in the ...

As early as 1897 the oxidative bromination of citric acid to form a brominated acetone derivative, presumably principally pentabromoacetone, was adapted to the quantitative determination of citrate (1). Most subsequent procedures have been based on the same reaction. Among the more recently described procedures are those of Pucher (2) and of Goldberg and Bernheim (3). These methods, with minimu...

Problem statement: The aim of this study was to investigated the effects of adding citric acid and microbial phytase supplementation (Natuphos) on growth performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens fed corn soybean meal base diets. Approach: The experiment included nine treatments with 10 birds in each replicate using a 3×3 factorial design for two main factors of citric acid (0...

AIM To evaluate and compare ex vivo the decalcifying effect of 15% EDTA, 15% citric acid, 5% phosphoric acid and 2.5% sodium hypochlorite on root canal dentine. METHODOLOGY Two 2-mm-thick slices were cut from the coronal third of the root of 10 human incisors. Each slice was sectioned into two equal parts. Specimens were assigned to one of four groups (n = 10) for immersion in 20 mL of either...

objective: polyphenol oxidase or ppo (ec 1.14.18.1) is considered the enzyme responsible for quality deterioration and browning in different fruits during postharvest period. the objective of this study was to evaluate the antibrowning (inhibition of polyphenol oxidase activity) effect of cysteine, ascorbic acid, citric acid, kojic acid and glycine at two different ph (6 and 7) in  hawthorn. me...

28 Fenton’s reagent, a solution of hydrogen peroxide and ferrous iron catalyst, is used for an 29 in-situ chemical oxidation of organic contaminants. Sulfuric acid is commonly used to 30 create an acidic condition needed for catalytic oxidation. Fenton’s reaction often involves 31 pressure buildup and precipitation of reaction products, which can cause safety hazards 32 and diminish efficiency....

The objective of this study was to examine the effect of ginger extract (GE) combined with citric acid on the tenderness of duck breast muscles. Total six marinades were prepared with the combination of citric acid (0 and 0.3 M citric acid) and GE (0, 15, and 30%). Each marinade was sprayed on the surface of duck breasts (15 mL/100 g), and the samples were marinated for 72 h at 4℃. The pH and p...

Chronic wound infections in animals not responding to conventional treatment modality are the important cause of morbidity. Infection is responsible for delayed wound healing. In the present study, an attempt was made to develop simple and effective treatment modality by using citric acid as a sole antimicrobial agent to control chronic wound infections in animals. Thirty eight cases of chronic...