conclusions elevated aminotransferases in chb patients are most commonly caused by exacerbation of chb. nevertheless, when hbv dna is not elevated, other reasons should be excluded. amongst others, superinfection with another hepatotropic virus can be the reason for decompensation of chronic hepatitis b. this case report describes an asymptomatic hev superinfection followed by a flare in hbv re...

BACKGROUND Hepatitis A and B vaccines are effective in preventing superinfection and sequelae in patients with chronic hepatitis B or C. We describe immunity and vaccination against hepatitis A and B in chronic hepatitis patients from the US Chronic Hepatitis Cohort Study. METHODS We identified chronic hepatitis B and C patients with healthcare utilization during 2006-2008 and 12 months of en...

AIM To investigate the current seroprevalence of hepatitis A virus (HAV) antibodies in patients with chronic viral liver disease in Korea. We also tried to identify the factors affecting the prevalence of HAV antibodies. METHODS We performed an analysis of the clinical records of 986 patients (mean age: 49 ± 9 years, 714 males/272 females) with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C v...

background and aims: torque teno virus (ttv) is a dna virus that isolated from the serum of a japanese patient without a-g transfusion-transmitted hepatitis and other etiology. ttv is detectable in plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells, different body fluids and secretions such as stools, saliva, semen, vaginal fluid. the genome exhibits high diversity that has enabled the determination...

Antibodies to hepatitis C virus, hepatitis B serology and liver enzymes were examined in 137 Finnish haemophiliac patients to detect signs of chronic viral hepatitis and its possible aetiological associations. The prevalence of raised alanine aminotransferase values was 37%. These were significantly associated with hepatitis C seropositivity but not with hepatitis B antibodies, severity of haem...

BACKGROUND The hepatitis G virus (HGV), a recently identified member of the Flaviviridae family, can cause chronic infection in man but the role of this agent in chronic liver disease is poorly understood. AIMS To evaluate the prevalence and meaning of HGV infection in a large series of patients with chronic liver disease. SUBJECTS Two hundred volunteer blood donors, 179 patients with chron...

BACKGROUND Pakistan carries one of the world's highest burdens of chronic hepatitis and mortality due to liver failure and hepatocellular carcinomas. However, national level estimates of the prevalence of and risk factors for hepatitis B and hepatitis C are currently not available. METHODS We reviewed the medical and public health literature over a 13-year period (January 1994-September 2007)...

conclusions this study indicates that the rate of g1896a mutation at the pc region among hbeag negative patients, in the golestan province of iran, was similar to the average rate encountered in other parts of iran. the pc stop codon mutation was detected in 93.18% of hbeag negative patients. further studies with larger sample sizes are required to elucidate the exact role of these mutations in...

INTRODUCTION Screening blood donors for blood-borne pathogens is very critical for the recipient's safety. Similar to hepatitis B and C infections, hepatitis G infection is transmitted through contaminated blood and causes acute and chronic hepatitis. Previous reports have shown that the prevalence of hepatitis G virus (HGV) RNA among healthy Saudi donors was 1%-2%. However, the exposure rate o...