ALK is an established causative oncogenic driver in neuroblastoma, and is likely to emerge as a routine biomarker in neuroblastoma diagnostics. At present, the optimal strategy for clinical diagnostic evaluation of ALK protein, genomic and hotspot mutation status is not well-studied. We evaluated ALK immunohistochemical (IHC) protein expression using three different antibodies (ALK1, 5A4 and D5...

Carcinosarcoma of the anus is rare and has yet to be reportedly associated with the keratinocyte-specific Human Papilloma Virus (HPV). We describe a case of anal carcinosarcoma with HPV infection in both the epithelial and mesenchymal components of the tumor by immunohistochemistry, chromogenic in-situ hybridization (CISH) and further supported by electron microscopy (EM). Microscopic examinati...

Methods: MYC gene amplification by FISH and DAKO dual-color CISH Results: The study showed that the dual-color CISH assay can convert Texas red and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) signals into chromogenic signals. The dual –color CISH assay was performed on 40 cases of prostate cancer. Amplification was identified in 12 of 40 (30%) tumors. No amplification was seen in 28 of 40 (70%) tumors. F...

Correlative human studies suggest that the pleiotropic cytokine IL6 contributes to the development and/or progression of prostate cancer. However, the source of IL6 production in the prostate microenvironment in patients has yet to be determined. The cellular origin of IL6 in primary and metastatic prostate cancer was examined in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues using a highly sensitiv...

The significant advance in the development of molecular-targeting drugs has made an evaluation of Her-2, EGFR, and cyclin D1 an important clinical issue in breast cancer patients. This study compared the Her-2, EGFR, and cyclin D1 status of primary tumors as well as their matching lymph node metastases using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) in 73 breast ca...

AIMS We aimed to develop a putative predictive biomarker score for future hepatocyte growth factor receptor (MET)-targeted therapy of gastric cancer (GC). METHODS AND RESULTS MET expression and MET amplification were analysed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and chromogenic in-situ hybridization (CISH) in 470 GC patients. Immunostaining was documented with the HistoScore. The percentage area of ...

Molecular classification of breast cancer (BC) and the evaluation of new biological markers such as estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), ErbB2 (HER2) and topoisomerase 2a (Topo2a) status are claimed to be important parameters in the management of BC therapy. In case of heterogeneity between primary BC and metastatic site, this implies profound limitations of efficient systemic th...

The successful treatment of breast cancer is dependent upon a number of complex factors. Her-2/neu gene amplification is known to be one of the most common genetic alterations associated with breast cancer and its accurate determination has become necessary for the selection of patients for trastuzumab therapy. The aim of this study was to prove the consistency of chromogenic in situ hybridisat...

Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies in the world. According to the global cancer statistics, Europe and America have the high incidence and mortality (Parkin et al., 2005). The incidence of breast cancer is 20 per 100,000 populations, and the incidence is growing (Zheng et al., 2001). Research has shown that about 20% 30% of the breast cancer patients have HER-2/neu amplificati...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical relevance of HER2 amplification by a novel chromogenic in situ hybridisation (CISH) technique in patients with primary breast cancer and to determine its relationship with other prognostic markers. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred and seventy-three breast cancer patients with a mean follow-up duration of 75 months were reanalyse...