this article will review the essential chemical structure of ida derivatives and their biokinetic characteristics as the hepatobiliary agents. the article also presents the procedures of synthesis, formulation and quality control of mebrofenin (brida) as a 99mtc-radiopharmaceuticai kit which is produced in radioisotope division of n.r.c. 99mtc-brida has extremely low renal excretion and hence g...

  Introduction: Despite presence of a body of evidence in support of high accuracy of cholecystokinin cholescintigraphy (CCK-CS) , for diagnosis of chronic cholecystitis(CC) , some authors have claimed that  gallbladder ejection fraction (GBEF)  has poor predictive diagnostic values. The purpose of this study was to determine if there is any difference in GBEF between...

UNLABELLED Sincalide-stimulated cholescintigraphy is performed to quantify gallbladder contraction and emptying. However, different infusion methods are used for this study. Our purpose was to determine the infusion method with the least variability (smallest coefficient of variation [CV]) for calculation of the gallbladder ejection fraction (GBEF) in healthy subjects and to establish normal va...

A 25-year-old male patient, with a past medical history of transient jaundice in infancy, was initially admitted to another Medical Center’s Surgical Department. The patient presented with acute abdomen, with severe diffuse abdominal pain radiating to the ipsilateral flank, a palpable right-upper quadrant abdominal mass, and jaundice. Surgical exploration revealed an extended cyst of the common...

Bacteria have been implicated in recurrent choledocholithiasis associated with endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST). This study was designed to clarify whether bacterial examination of bile provides information useful in predicting the risk of recurrence of choledocholithiasis in patients undergoing EST. Bacteria in bile collected via a duodenoscope before cholangiography were cultured. We compared ...

BACKGROUND Whether ileal absorption of bile acid is up or downregulated in chronic cholestasis is still debated, and most evidence has come from animal studies. AIMS To compare ileal bile acid absorption in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and in healthy control subjects, and to assess the effect of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA). PATIENTS We studied 14 PBC patients before and dur...

BACKGROUND Adult Clonorchis sinensis live in the bile duct and cause clonorchiasis. It is known that the C. sinensis metacercariae excyst in the duodenum and migrate up to the bile duct through the common bile duct. However, no direct evidence is available on the in vivo migration of newly excysted C. sinensis juveniles (CsNEJs). Advanced imaging technologies now allow the in vivo migration and...

The term "dysfunction" defines the motor disorders of the gall bladder and the sphincter of Oddi (SO) without note of the potential etiologic factors for the difficulty to differentiate purely functional alterations from subtle structural changes. Dysfunction of the gall bladder and/or SO produces similar patterns of biliopancreatic pain and SO dysfunction may occur in the presence of the gall ...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Sincalide, in conjunction with cholescintigraphy, is necessary for the diagnosis of chronic acalculous cholecystitis. However sincalide is not widely available. This study investigates the use of a commercially available formula as an inexpensive alternative to sincalide, containing a sufficient and known amount of fat to cause gallbladder contraction, and to determine norma...

The present study was undertaken to examine the intestinal phase of cholecystokinin (CCK) secretion and gall bladder contraction in patients with severe pancreatic insufficiency. Plasma CCK concentrations, measured by radioimmunoassay, and gall bladder contraction by cholescintigraphy were studied in response to intraduodenal fat with and without addition of pancreatic enzymes. Fasting plasma C...