نتایج جستجو برای: chloramphenicol

تعداد نتایج: 7714  

Journal: :Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 1980
M C Roberts C D Swenson L M Owens A L Smith

We examined nine chloramphenicol-resistant (minimal inhibitory concentration, greater than or equal to 15 micrograms/ml) Haemophilus influenzae strains isolated in various parts of the world to characterize the genetic and biochemical bases of the resistance; four were type b. All nine contained conjugative plasmids, ranging in molecular weight from 34 x 10(6) to 46 x 10(6), which encoded for r...

Journal: :Clinical chemistry 1978
A L Smith D H Smith

We partly purified R-factor-encoded chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.28) from a highly choloramphenicol-resistant mutant derived from Escherichia coli W677/R5. The preparation permitted rapid quanitation of chloramphenicol by use of [14C]acetylcoenzyme A, removing the diacetylated product by selective adsorption onto micropore filters. Succinyl and glucuronyl 3-hydroxyl esters of chl...

Journal: :The Journal of biological chemistry 1967
W V Shaw

Chloramphenicol-resistant strains of Escherichia coli which carry the episomal resistance transfer factor R inactivate the antibiotic by enzymatic acetylation. In the presence of chloramphenicol and acetyl coenzyme A, cell extracts catalyze the formation of both a monoacetyl and a diacetyl derivative of chloramphenicol. Definitive identification of the reaction products as 3-acetoxy chloramphen...

Journal: :Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals 2000
M T Smith C K Nielsen M Y Lim-Fraser A W Wright M Lau

Chloramphenicol, an in vitro inhibitor of the glucuronidation of morphine to its putative antianalgesic metabolite, morphine-3-glucuronide (M3G), was coadministered with morphine in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats to determine whether it inhibited the in vivo metabolism of morphine to M3G, thereby enhancing morphine antinociception and/or delaying the development of antinociceptive tolerance. Pa...

Journal: :Journal of bacteriology 1973
T J Foster T G Howe

Recombination between single-site and multisite chloramphenicol-sensitive mutants of the F-like R factors R1 and R100-1 indicates that the chloramphenicol resistance region is a single structural gene coding for the 20,000-molecular weight subunit of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase.

2007

The available randomized controlled trial evidence suggests that third generation cephalosporins are as effective as standard treatment regimens that include chloramphenicol for the treatment of bacterial meningitis. Once or twice daily dosing schedules with ceftriaxone are more convenient than the four times daily schedules required for chloramphenicol and ampicillin regimens. There is also so...

Journal: :The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 1999
T Butler C B Sridhar M K Daga K Pathak R B Pandit R Khakhria C N Potkar M T Zelasky R B Johnson

To compare the clinical and bacteriological efficacies of azithromycin and chloramphenicol for treatment of typhoid fever, 77 bacteriologically evaluable adults, with blood cultures positive for Salmonella typhi or Salmonella paratyphi A susceptible to their assigned drugs, were entered into a randomized open trial at four hospitals in India. Forty-two patients were randomized to receive azithr...

Journal: :Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 1972
H J Cameron S M Rogers G R Julian

In vitro protein-synthesizing systems from Escherichia coli can be categorized as either chloramphenicol-sensitive or chloramphenicol-insensitive. The chloramphenicol-sensitive systems used in this study required the presence of factors removed from ribosomes with 1.0 m NH(4)Cl when chromatographically purified ribosomes were used for amino acid incorporation. These ribosomal wash factors inhib...

Journal: :Journal of bacteriology 1968
W V Shaw R F Brodsky

Chloramphenicol-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus contain an inducible enzyme which inactivates chloramphenicol by acetylation in the presence of acetyl coenzyme A. The products of acetylation are chromatographically indistinguishable from those obtained with chloramphenicol-resistant Escherichia coli harboring an R factor. The kinetics of induction of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase...

Journal: :Molecules 2017
Fengying Dong Lingmeng Li Lin Lin Dannong He Jingwen Chen Wei Wei Dongzhi Wei

This work presents a synthetic route to produce chloramphenicol esters by taking advantage the high enantio- and regio-selectivity of lipases. A series of chloramphenicol esters were synthesized using chloramphenicol, acyl donors of different carbon chain length and lipase LipBA (lipase cloned from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens). Among acyl donors with different carbon chain lengths, vinyl propion...

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