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OBJECTIVE To discuss the role of caregiver supervision in child-injury risk, with attention given to definitional and methodological issues and outlining important questions to be addressed in future research. METHODS Analysis, synthesis, and critique of existing literature. RESULTS Comparisons across studies are difficult because of insufficient specificity regarding what constitutes super...

the school have grown in significance. There may be no outward sign that the child has received major trauma to the brain and problems initially may be considered to have arisen from the psychological trauma of the injury or illness, time in hospital and consequently away from home and school, part of the general recovery process following injury or illness, or a change in the parents’ or schoo...

Objective: One of the most frequent causes of death and acquired disability in the pediatric population is the Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). TBI is secondary to falls, road traffic and vehicle collisions, child abuse and assaults. Penetrating brain injury is a severe form of traumatic brain injury. Blunt head injury is more frequent than TBI in children, but the second one carries a poor progno...

Human body models (HBMs) have the potential to provide significant insights into the pediatric response to impact. This study describes a scalable/posable approach to perform child accident reconstructions using the Position and Personalize Advanced Human Body Models for Injury Prediction (PIPER) scalable child HBM of different ages and in different positions obtained by the PIPER tool. Overall...

Injury characteristics of child passengers in accidents are summarized in this paper. Based on the accident data about child passengers from 2011 to 2017 collected in the National Automobile Accident In-Depth Investigation System (NAIS), the analysis of the patterns of the traffic accident where child passengers are involved and injury characteristics of child passengers in the aspects of crash...