This paper compares the design and performance of kink actuators, a modified version of the bent-beam thermal actuator, to the standard chevron-shaped designs. A variety of kink and chevron actuator designs were fabricated from polysilicon. While the actuators were electrically probed, these designs were tested using a probe station connected to a National Instruments (NI) controller that uses ...

We investigate the linear stability characteristics of the mean velocity profiles produced by chevron nozzles. We show that chevron instability waves can be decomposed into azimuthal modes analogously to those of round jets. This facilitates a direct comparison of growth rates and mode structure between different nozzles. We find that the three nozzles used in this study share a set of modes, r...

The utilization of passive energy dissipation systems has been created a revolution in the structural engineering industry due to their advantages. Fluid Viscous Damper (FVD) is one of these control systems. It has been used in many different industries, such as the army, aerospace, bridge, and building structures. One of the essential questions about this system is how it can combine with the ...

CLINICAL SCENARIO Ankle injuries constitute a large number of injuries sustained by adolescent athletes participating in high school athletics. Prophylactic ankle bracing may be an effective and efficient method to reduce the incidence of ankle injuries in adolescent athletes in the secondary-school setting. CLINICAL QUESTION Do prophylactic ankle braces reduce the incidence of acute ankle in...

Control of jet noise continues to be an important research topic. Exhaust-nozzle chevrons have been shown to reduce jet noise, but parametric effects are not well understood. Additionally, thrust loss due to chevrons at cruise suggests significant benefit from active chevrons. The focus of this study is development of an active chevron concept for the primary purpose of parametric studies for j...

As a form of treatment in cerebral palsy, bracing has yet to meet universal acceptance. 2 , 5 , 6 Besides published opinions slighting the value of braces, in practice one frequently encounters a prejudice against prescribing them in "spastic" disease. This attitude, it must be granted, is not groundless. Phelps, 4 a proponent of braces, refers to the danger of aggravating spasticity with brace...

background: rupture of anterior cruciate ligament (acl) would cause instability and disability and if left untreated. reconstruction is performed by different techniques including patellar bone graft, as the strongest device. application of brace after acl reconstructions has revealed doubtful results.   methods: one hundred acl ruptured patients randomized into two groups were reconstructed wi...

Concentrically braced frames (CBFs) are one of the efficient lateral load resisting systems in high seismicity regions. One of the common problems with the use of concentrically braced frames is limitation in the architectural application and position of the openings. Two-story X braced frames have more advantages than other configurations of concentrically braced frames, since in many cases th...

According to modern seismic codes, in concentrically braced frames the seismic input energy should be dissipated by means of the hysteretic behaviour of braces while all the other members (i.e. beams and columns) have to remain elastic. Accordingly, the design internal forces of braces are determined in these codes by elastic analysis of the structure subjected to seismic forces obtained by the...