Sunflower stalks were analysed for chemical compositions: pentosan 15.84%, holocellulose 70.69%, alphacellulose 45.74%, glucose 27.10% and xylose 7.69% based on dry weight of 100-g raw material. The most optimum condition for steam explosion pretreatment was as follows. Sunflower stalks were cut into small pieces and soaked in 0.02 M H2SO4 for overnight. After that, they were steam exploded at ...

Kraft mills have the potential to pre-extract hemicellulose from wood as another value added product. The impacts of pre-extracting xylan on pulp and handsheet properties, sodium and sulfur balances, and chemical make-ups in the kraft pulping process of Eucalyptus grandis were assessed. Xylan extractions using white liquor, green liquor, and NaOH were done under varying extraction times, temper...

The chemical composition of lipophilic extractives from process waters throughout a totally chlorine free (TCF) bleaching sequence after kraft pulping of eucalypt wood has been studied. These compounds are among the most problematic wood constituents for both TCF and zero liquid effluent (ZLE) processes, since they tend to accumulate in circuits resulting in the formation of the so-called pitch...

Laccase-catalyzed oxygen delignification of kraft pulp offers some potential as a replacement for conventional chemical bleaching and has the advantage of requiring much lower pressure and temperature. However, chemical mediators are required for effective delignification by laccase, and their price is currently too high at the dosages required. To date, most studies have employed laccase from ...

normal healthy pulpal tissues were obtained from 19 impacted molars and symptomatic samples were obtained from 18 carious molars and premolars clinically diagnosed in all vital pulpal tissues. student's t-test revealed significant differences in il-2 concentrations, comparing symptomatic pulpal tissues with normal healthy samples (657, p

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Banana is a fruit with nutritional properties and also with acclaimed therapeutic uses, cultivated widely throughout the tropics as source of food and income for people. Banana peel is known by its local and traditional use to promote wound healing mainly from burns and to help overcome or prevent a substantial number of illnesses, as depression. AIM OF THE STUD...

In the first stage of pulp bleaching, the quantity of added chemicals (ClO2 and/or Cl2) is commonly controlled by kappa factor, based on a kappa number online analyzer together with a compensated brightness control scheme as a feedback strategy. However, a kappa number analyzer is not always available, so the bleaching quality relies heavily on the chemical dosage set-point chosen by the operat...

Chemical and morphological characterization of different parts of banana plant(Musa paradisica) (peduncle, leaf stalk and pseudo stem) were carried out in orderto assess their potentiality for chemical pulp. Each portion was tested forextractives, sodium hydroxide solubility, ash, lignin, cellulose and pentosancontents as well as their fiber length and width. These segmented parts werecharacter...

sulfur emission from coal combustion presents many environmental problems. the techniques used to reduce the amount of sulfur in coal before combustion, include physical, chemical and biological processes.biological processes based on degradation of sulfur compounds by microorganisms offer many advantages over the conventional physical and chemical processes. the processes are performed under m...

The generation of co-products continues at an accelerating pace, driven by population growth. Many of these co-products can be included in ruminant feed, which has the ability to transform them into good quality animal protein, and also help to reduce the disposal of undesirable residues to the environment. One of the co-products with potential use in animal feed, the citrus pulp, represents re...