tunnelling through cities underlain by soft soil, commonly associated with soil movement around the tunnels and subsequent surface settlement. the predication of ground movement during the tunnelling and optimum support pressure could be based on analytical, empirical or the numerical methods. the commonly used earth pressure balance (epb) tunneling machines, uses the excavated soil in a pressu...

One solution to the high cost and scarcity of building materials is use alternative sustainable materials. The study presented herein developed an eco-friendly masonry grout using volumes palm oil clinker powder replace cement coarse aggregate. Several batches grouts with different amounts these were made determine technical viability grout. Scanning Electronic Microscope (SEM), X-Rays Diffract...

Abstract The development and construction of offshore wind farms requires the correct estimation friction that can be mobilised at rock/grout interface. In conventional studies, shear behaviour a joint is usually investigated with laboratory tests under constant normal load/stress (CNL), however, in engineering practice, direct testing stiffness (CNS) has been proved to more realistic assessmen...

S. I. Khan, P. Adhikari, Y. Hong, H. Vergara, T. Grout, R. F. Adler, F. Policelli, D. Irwin, T. Korme, and L. Okello School of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA NASA Marshall Space Flight Cente...

A cable-stayed bridge recently constructed by the Ohio Department of Transportation incorporates measures put forth by a Federal Highway Administration study to mitigate stay motion. In following recent trends, the stays at this bridge are built without the use of grout for the purposes of inspection and, if necessary, replacement. Several experiments were performed to determine the viability o...

The longevity of grouting has a significant effect on the safe and sustainable operation of many engineering projects. A 500-day experiment was carried out to study the long-term mechanical behavior of nano silica sol grouting. The nano silica sol was activated with different proportions of a NaCl catalyst and cured under fluctuating temperature and humidity conditions. The mechanical parameter...

Semi-flexible pavement surfacing, or grouted macadam, is an alternative to conventional flexible and rigid pavement. It constructed by injecting cementitious grout into the voids of open-graded asphalt surfacing. The cement used in grouts has adverse environmental effects because carbon dioxide emission production. objective this study was investigate potential using irradiated waste polyethyle...