Abstract In Switzerland, there are separated value chains for dairy and cheese products, which differ in terms of industry concentration, chain governance, product characteristics. We analyze how milk prices passed on along these different chains. Using detailed price data farm gate, wholesale, export, retail levels, we apply asymmetric vector autoregressive error correction models to study ver...

This paper is considering the competition between two multi-echelon supply-chains on price and service under balance and imbalance of market power between the chains which are analyzing through Nash and Stackelberg game approach. The problem is categorized as the centralized or decentralized structure of each chain, which means a few different possible scenarios are developing based on the Nash...

In this paper a rst step in classifying the fuzzy subgroups of a nite nonabelian group is made. We develop a general method to count the number of distinct fuzzy subgroups of such groups. Explicit formulas are obtained in the particular case of dihedral groups.

we model a real-world case problem as a price competition model between two leader-follower supply chains that each of them consists of one manufacturer and one retailer. t he manufacturer produces partially differentiated products and sells to market through his retailer. the retailer sells the products of manufacturer to market by adding some values to the product and gains margin as a fracti...

This study used a diffusion chain paradigm to explore the cultural transmission of causally irrelevant tool actions in chains of adult participants. Each chain witnessed an "expert" adult retrieve a reward from inside a puzzle box using a combination of causally relevant actions and causally irrelevant actions. Which of the actions were causally relevant was evident in two of the chains where a...

abstract this study is an attempt to investigate the influence of targeting subsidies on price transmission pattern in iran's egg market. the targeting subsidies plan was imposed by 20 december 2010. using of daily price time series data, the study was conducted during december 2009 to october 2011. using ecm model, price transmission models were estimated for the two periods (e.g. before and a...

This study investigated the social transmission of memories and skills collected from a collaborative cooking task (raviolimaking) and across transmission chains. The transmission over three generations of pairs of participants occurred under two conditions. In the interactive condition, transmissions over generations occurred in face-to-face conversations, whereas in the non-interactive condit...

In this paper a first step in classifying the fuzzy normalsubgroups of a finite group is made. Explicit formulas for thenumber of distinct fuzzy normal subgroups are obtained in theparticular cases of symmetric groups and dihedral groups.