background: the cervical spine is the most vulnerable part of the vertebral column and the rotational movements are the most dangerous movements which may cause damages to cervical spine. a good treatment option for the cervical disc disease is the replacement of a damaged disc with an artificial disc that has shown satisfactory clinical results. methods: the c4 to c6 vertebrae of a normal subj...

background: cervical spine sustains most of thevertebral column injuries, among other injuries, the disc degeneration and damage that lead to replacement of the damaged disc with cage or artificial disc. methods: the c4 to c6 vertebrae of a normal subject and a person with interbody fusion cage were 3d modelled and then analyzed using finite element method. the results of maximum stress and str...

Tuberculosis of the spine is the second most common extrapulmonary presentation of the disease and is associated with significant morbidity. The drainage of the abscess may be needed in patients who fail to respond to medical treatment and present with a significant or deteriorating neurologic status. The dorsal spine gives a unique opportunity for decompression alone as it is supported by the ...

OBJECTIVE To develop a new method to describe cervical spine curvature and evaluate the potential for injury in the upper and lower cervical spine during simulated whiplash. DESIGN A method was developed to integrate the upper and lower cervical spine rotations and describe the spine curvature. BACKGROUND In vivo and in vitro whiplash simulations have documented the development of an S-shap...

The initial evaluation and management of cervical spine injuries is of critical importance because of the impact of early treatment and management on the patient's eventual outcome. The devastation and cost of missing even one unstable cervical spine fracture is tremendous. The existence of patients with an unsuspected cervical spine fracture who have few, if any, symptoms and/or signs of an in...

background brucellosis is a systemic bacterial disease transmitted from animals to humans and involves many organs and tissues. symptoms of brucellosis are protean and can be similar to many other infectious diseases. none of the symptoms are specific enough to support the clinical diagnosis. the musculoskeletal system is one of the most commonly affected organs. disease can be present with bur...

Cervical spine surgery is one of the most commonly performed spine surgeries in the United States, and 90% of the cases are related to degenerative cervical spine disease (the rest to cervical spine trauma and/or instability). The airway management for cervical spine surgery represents a crucial step in the anesthetic management to avoid injury to the cervical cord. The crux for upper airway ma...

Grisel's syndrome, defined as subluxation of the atlanto-axial joint, not associated with trauma or bone disease, is found primarily in children. There are few references to this syndrome in the ENT literature but it may occur in association with any condition that results in hyperaemia and pathological relaxation of the transverse ligament of the atlanto-axial joint. Several common otolaryngea...

Cervical epidural spinal abscess (C1-3) followed by intracranial infection is an extremely rare entity and life-threatening disease. For the very first time, we reported our clinical experience of managing such a life-threatening and tortuous case. A 58-year-old woman with neck pain was admitted to our hospital with the suspect of cervical tumor. Enhanced magnetic resonance (MRI) image demonstr...