This presentation highlights strengths and weaknesses of cervical cytology screening in Croatia, with particular reference to the opportunistic screening, the use of conventional Papanicolaou (Pap) test and the analysis of some organizational, educational and performance issues that are associated with it. Its aim is to propose measures to improve the efficacy of cervical cytology screening in ...

DESCRIPTION Update of the 2003 U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendation statement on screening for cervical cancer. METHODS The USPSTF reviewed new evidence on the comparative test performance of liquid-based cytology and the benefits and harms of human papillomavirus (HPV) testing as a stand-alone test or in combination with cytology. In addition to the systematic evidence...

background: cervical cancer is one of the most important and commonly diagnosed types of cancer in females. there are different causes of cervical cancer, amongst which recurrent and persistent infection with hpv types 16 and 18 are the most renowned ones. these genotypes are the main factors in 99 % of cases in developed countries and 70 % in developing ones. due to the importance of these vir...

Carcinoma of the uterine cervix is one of the most common malignant neoplasms among women and remains the leading female malignancy in Thai women. Cervical cancer diagnosed during pregnancy remains a therapeutic challenge for physicians. Pregnant women should have cervical cytology screening at their first prenatal visit. In cases of cytological abnormality, colposcopy is indicated. Cervical co...

OBJECTIVES To systematically evaluate the long-term effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of HPV-based primary cervical cancer screening in the German health care context using a decision-analysis approach. METHODS A Markov-model for HPV-infection and cervical cancer was developed for the German health care context, and applied to evaluate various screening strategies that differ by screening ...

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the endometrial histology and cervical cytology of users of two contraceptive implants releasing etonogestrel/3-keto-desogestrel (Implanon) and levonorgestrel (Norplant) in West Midlands (UK) users. A 2-year prospective randomized design was used to study 60 implant users. Endometrial histology and cervical cytology were compared before insertion an...

OBJECTIVES Human papillomavirus (HPV) testing is not widely used for triage of equivocal Pap smears or primary screening in Québec, Canada. Our objective was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of cervical cancer screening strategies utilizing HPV testing. METHODS We used a lifetime Markov model to estimate costs, quality of life, and survival associated with the following strategies: 1) cytol...

The objective of cervical cancer screening is to reduce cervical cancer incidence and mortality by detecting and treating precancerous lesions. Conventional cytology is the most widely used cervical cancer screening test. Although cytology has been effective in reducing the incidence of and mortality from cervical cancer in developed countries in both opportunistic and--more dramatically--organ...

With more than 12,000 women diagnosed with invasive cervical cancer annually in the United States, the importance of screening certain patient populations for human papillomavirus (HPV)—the main cause of cervical cancer—has become a key topic of discussion in women’s health. Approximately two-thirds of all cervical cancer cases are caused by the two highest-risk HPV genotypes, HPV 16 and HPV 18...

This chapter reviews the contribution of cervical cytology, what makes it successful, the management of screen positives and how technological advances may affect its use in the future. Cervical screening has saved hundreds of thousands of lives but has not been available to women in the poorest countries. In countries where wide coverage has been achieved and quality assurance is in place, inc...