Hearing loss and individualities Studies have shed light on the physiology of auditory system, which is fundamental to understanding diversity found in deaf community. A study by Silva discusses 3 types load described Silman & Silverman’s classification system: conductive, neurosensory, mixed. The first type caused inflammatory processes, excess cerumen external canal, changes articulation ossi...

Detergents are a viable method for earwax removal. Specifically, bile salts such as cholate and deoxycholate, work well for this function especially when placed in alkaline solution provided by sodium phosphate in the presence of 0.1 M sodium chloride. In vitro studies reveal these agents to quickly penetrate earwax, as visualized by yellowish color of the solution and lack of cohesion of the r...

Background: Otomycosis affects about 9% of patients with otitis externa. One the predisposing factor is impacted cerumen. Earphone usage causes cerumen impaction. In light recent COVID-19 pandemic, people are housebound due to prolonged lockdown. Hence more technology dependent as working from home and studying online has become norm. Therefore, earphones proportionately increased, cases have i...

There is a growing number of lipoprotein markers recognized by immunological, electrophoretic, and other biochemical methods, and a beginning has been made on studying their modes of inheritance and linkage relations. Suggestive but inconclusive evidence of a relation between the cerumen polymorphism and arteriosclerosis has been published. Associations of the ABO blood groups with cardiovascul...

Recent advances in endoscopic optics and miniature video camera technology have made video otoscopy (VO) accessible to audiologists in a practical way. Seven categories of VO applications are presented with clinical examples: (1) general examination of the earcanal and tympanic membrane, (2) physician communication/telemedicine, (3) hearing instrument selection and fitting applications, (4) pat...