This paper reports on four cases of a specific type of cerebellar degeneration which suggests an arrest of cerebellar development at an early foetal stage. Histochemical and silver stain studies were necessary to demonstrate some of the more characteristic features which strikingly distinguished this type of degeneration from the granular layer type of cerebellar degeneration or the common type...

The following investigation was initiated by the observation by one ofus (Meyer, 1944), of a selective degeneration of the granular layer of the cerebellum in a case of a Wernicke syndrome associated with carcinoma of the stomach. The possible relation to one or other type of nutritional deficiency (not necessarily that of vitamin B1) was discussed, but no consideration was given to the fact th...

Background: Deltamethrin (DM) is a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide that can elicit neurotoxicity, and lead to apoptosis. There is accumulating evidence that oleuropein (OE) has anti-apoptotic effect. This study aimed at determining the DM toxicity and anti-apoptotic effect of OE pretreatment in cerebellar Purkinje neurons. Materials and Methods: Rats were randomly divided into four groups a...

Postnatal development of the cerebellum is critical for its intact function such as motor coordination and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of psychiatric disorders. We previously reported that deprivation of secretin (SCT) from cerebellar Purkinje neurons impaired motor coordination and motor learning function, while leaving the potential role of SCT in cerebellar development to be dete...

Severe hyperbilirubinemia causes neurological damage both in humans and rodents. The hyperbilirubinemic Gunn rat shows a marked cerebellar hypoplasia. More recently bilirubin ability to arrest the cell cycle progression in vascular smooth muscle, tumour cells, and, more importantly, cultured neurons has been demonstrated. However, the involvement of cell cycle perturbation in the development of...

Calpain-1 deletion elicits neurodevelopmental disorders, such as ataxia. However, the function of calpain in postnatal neurodevelopment and its mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, we revealed that postnatal intraperitoneal injection of various calpain inhibitors attenuated cerebellar cytosolic calpain activity. Moreover, postnatal application of calpeptin (2 mg/kg) apparently reduced spec...

BACKGROUND There is a high incidence of hereditary degenerative diseases of the central nervous system in purebred dogs. HYPOTHESIS Cerebellar ataxia in Malinois puppies, caused by degenerative changes that predominate in cerebellar nuclei and the granular cell layer, is a hereditary disorder that is distinct from cerebellar cortical abiotrophies. ANIMALS Thirteen Malinois puppies with cere...

A computer simulation of the neuronal circuits in the cerebellar cortex of frog is developed as a means of testing the functional properties of this cortex. The model is based on present day information regarding morphology and function of the different cortical neurons. In order to allow the model to resemble as closely as possible the actual cerebellum, the model was grown by-the computer to ...

In the brain, gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA), released extrasynaptically and synaptically from GABAergic neurons, plays important roles in morphogenesis, expression of higher functions and so on. In the GABAergic transmission system, plasma membrane GABA transporters (GATs) mediate GABA-uptake from the synaptic cleft in the mature brain and are thought to mediate diacrine of cytosolic GABA in ...

We have correlated the times of appearance of the neural cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM), the neuron-glia cell adhesion molecule (Ng-CAM), and the extracellular matrix protein, cytotactin, during the development of the chicken cerebellar cortex, and have shown that these molecules make different functional contributions to granule cell migration. Immunofluorescent staining showed distinct spatio...